ليست موضوع پايان نامه هاي لاتين Reading strategies are defined as the intellectual activities which occur when readers reach a text purposely and try to comprehend it. Using qualitative research methods and verbal protocols, this study examines thirty different-level Iranian Chinese as a Foreign Language (CFL) learners’ use of reading strategies and describes how each Chinese learners employs these strategies while reading culturally-relevant text. It also investigates the strategies used by two CFL teachers while teaching culturallyrelevant texts. The finding indicates that different proficiency levels used different kinds of strategies. From beginners to advanced learners, the use of higher order thinking strategies such as connection to the text and inferential thinking strategy is increased while the use of cognitive strategies, i.e. checking in the dictionary as well as note-taking, is decreased. This study also shows that culture-related texts can lead to learners' feeling of engagement and motivation for learning. Comparing the performance of the two teachers, it was found that the university instructor had never used the correction strategy in culture-related reading sessions, while after rhetorical strategies, the correction strategy is the most frequently used strategy that teacher of institute (TI) has used. The results of this study are useful for language learners, language teachers, and material developers. Resonance phenomena in mechanical elements can cause partial or total failure to the system. this phenomena is related to the coincidence of natual and forced frequencies in mechanical parts and the system. If these frequencies stay within the same range, they all cause the system to break in a definite period of time. as an example, consider a bridge cotnaining certain natural feequency, it may also be encountered with external forces due to the wind in which forced frequencies will be created, and there fore the collapse of the bridge because of coincidence of above frequencies. as another example, consider aerodynamic forces exerted upon the aircraft wings (each wing has certain natural frequency) during the flight. crated forced frequencies by the air is then coincided with natural frequency of the wing results a great vibration and consequently the break down of the aircraft... prefae:...methods for finding natural frequeny►natural frequencied in wings and rotor wings►appendix...

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Reading strategies are defined as the intellectual activities which occur when readers reach a text purposely and try to comprehend it. Using qualitative research methods and verbal protocols, this study examines thirty different-level Iranian Chinese as a Foreign Language (CFL) learners’ use of reading strategies and describes how each Chinese learners employs these strategies while reading culturally-relevant text. It also investigates the strategies used by two CFL teachers while teaching culturallyrelevant texts. The finding indicates that different proficiency levels used different kinds of strategies. From beginners to advanced learners, the use of higher order thinking strategies such as connection to the text and inferential thinking strategy is increased while the use of cognitive strategies, i.e. checking in the dictionary as well as note-taking, is decreased. This study also shows that culture-related texts can lead to learners' feeling of engagement and motivation for learning. Comparing the performance of the two teachers, it was found that the university instructor had never used the correction strategy in culture-related reading sessions, while after rhetorical strategies, the correction strategy is the most frequently used strategy that teacher of institute (TI) has used. The results of this study are useful for language learners, language teachers, and material developers.

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Recent studies have examined shell noun use patterns. Recent studies examined novice writers' and students' use of the tool as opposed to professional writers. Studies have compared the writing of native and non-native English speakers. Yet, no studies have compared shell noun use in native English academic writers with native Farsi academic English writers. Our study fills in these gaps by specifically analyzing the structure and functions of shell nouns used by native English and native Farsi professional English writers. The software AntConc 4.2.2. was used in this study to identify how frequently and what range Hinkel’s shell noun list these two groups of writers had using the N-Gram option. Also, common shell noun structures introduced by Schmid (2000) were applied in the Cluster option of AntConc to find out how frequent these common patterns for shell nouns were. In addition, the three functions introduced by Schmid (2000) were also analyzed by the KWIC option in AntConc software to find these shell nouns in their contexts and the function of each one was analyzed based on the common lexico-grammatical patterns we have for each one. For the functions that shared the same common patterns, those words were analyzed individually to find out which function they performed. The results showed that both native Persian and English writers used more shell nouns in their texts compared to native English writers. However, native English writers were more likely to use various grammatical patterns compared to Farsi ones since the native Farsi ones repeated certain structures, whereas the range for native English writers was much higher. In terms of functions, both groups of writers applied the chosen shell nouns relatively the same with only slight differences in frequency; there were no major differences found. As a result, it was concluded that the native language of the writers does not play a significant role in how they use shell nouns; the main factor in the use of shell nouns is field, which was applied linguistics in this case.

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Recently, the role of mindsets on learners' Self-regulated learning strategy (SRLS) use in the ESL/EFL context has attracted the increasing attention of researchers. This study investigated the relationship between language mindset and SRL strategy use among undergraduate university students from both genders. Accordingly, this study use a model of Mindset Theory suggested by Dweck (1999) to explore the relationship between its components and learners’ use of Self-regulated strategies. The results of SEM and regression analysis on data collected through questionnaire from 241 Iranian EFL university students majoring in different fields showed that there was a significant negative relationship between fixed mindset and SRLSs and a significant positive relationship between growth mindset and SRLSs. In addition, the results of multivariate analysis indicated that female students use more SRLSs compared to male students. In addition, no significant difference was observed between students of the Basic Sciences and those of Engineering in terms of using strategies. These results can be used to enhance learners' perception of their mindsets and encourage EFL instructors to create a safe and positive learning environment, which promotes growth mindset.

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Resonance phenomena in mechanical elements can cause partial or total failure to the system. this phenomena is related to the coincidence of natual and forced frequencies in mechanical parts and the system. If these frequencies stay within the same range, they all cause the system to break in a definite period of time. as an example, consider a bridge cotnaining certain natural feequency, it may also be encountered with external forces due to the wind in which forced frequencies will be created, and there fore the collapse of the bridge because of coincidence of above frequencies. as another example, consider aerodynamic forces exerted upon the aircraft wings (each wing has certain natural frequency) during the flight. crated forced frequencies by the air is then coincided with natural frequency of the wing results a great vibration and consequently the break down of the aircraft... prefae:...methods for finding natural frequeny►natural frequencied in wings and rotor wings►appendix...