10187

9405

كارشناسي ارشد

حشره شناسي

اصفهان: دانشگاه صنعتي اصفهان، دانشكده كشاورزي

1393

يازده، 70ص.: مصور، جدول، نمودار

ص.ع. به فارسي و انگليسي

نفيسه پورجواد، جهانگير خواجه علي

12/3/94

مسعود بهار، حسن كريم منجني

1396/10/02

كتابنامه

كشاورزي

مهندسي كشاورزي

ID9405

7 فهرستمطالب صفحه عنوان چكيده 1 فصل اول مقدمه وبررسي 1 1 كليات و اهداف 2 5 1 2 گوجه فرنگي 1 3 پروانه ي مينوز گوجه فرنگي 6 Tuta absoluta 1 3 1 شكل شناسي 6 1 3 2 زيست شناسي 6 1 3 3 اهميت اقتصادي و نحوه خسارت 8 1 3 4 كنترل بيولوژيك پروانه مينوز گوجه فرنگي 8 1 4 طبقه بندي زنبورهاي تريكوگراما 11 1 4 1 خانواده ي 11 Trichogrammatidae 1 4 2 جنس 11 Trichogramma 1 5 ميزبان هاي زنبورهاي جنس 11 Trichogramma 1 6 زنبورهاي جنس Trichogramma در ايران 11 1 7 زيست شناسي زنبورهاي جنس 12 Trichogramma 1 8 رفتار زنبور تريكوگراما 31 1 3 كاربرد زنبور هاي تريكوگراما در كنترل آفات 41 1 11 روند استفاده از زنبور تريكوگراما در ايران 51 1 11 پرورش انبوه زنبورهاي تريكوگراما 71 1 21 ويژگي هاي مهم زيستي زنبور تريكوگراما جهت ارزيابي كارايي آنها 81 1 21 1 باروري 81 1 21 2 طول عمر 31 1 21 3 نسبت جنسي 12 1 31 جمعيت هاي ماده زاي زنبور هاي جنس تريكوگراما 12 1 41 اهميت جمعيت هاي ماده زا در برنامه هاي كنترل بيولوژيك 32 1 51 اهميت انتخاب و ارزيابي توانايي ها و محدوديت هاي بيولوژيك جمعيت گونه ها در شرايط آزمايشگاهي 52 هشت

71 Laboratory Evaluation of Parasitism Capacity of Several Trichogramma Species on Tuta absoluta Lep Gelechiidae Niloofar Chamaani niloofar chamaani@yahoo com n chamaani@ag iut ac ir January 13 2015 Department of Plant Protection Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 83111 IranDegree M Sc Language FarsiSupervisors N Poorjavad npoorjavad@cc iut ac irJ Khajehali khajeali@cc iut ac irAbstractThe South American tomato pinworm Tuta absoluta Lep Gelechiidae has recently been introduced inIran and is rapidly spreading across the country It has become a major pest in both greenhouse andoutdoor tomato crops during last few years The possibility of using parasitic wasps of the Trichogrammagenus Hymenoptera Trichogrammatidae as biological control agents of T absoluta is currentlyconsidered in Europe because of the natural parasitism of T absoluta by various Trichogramma speciesreported in South America and Europe In this work four Trichogramma populations were collected andidentified based on their morphological features and nuclear ribosomal ITS2 sequences Thesepopulations included two populations from T brassicae that one of them was completely infected byWolbachia and another was Wolbachia free one population of T evanessence and the fourth populationwas named T sp Four laboratory tests were carried out to evaluate the potential of these Trichogrammapopulations to control T absoluta Science the knowledge on life history is essential for effective use ofwasps in the first experiment the population fertility life tables were calculated on Ephestia kuehniella asa laboratory host in growth chambers at 25 1 C 70 10 RH and 16L 8D The results showed thatthere were significant differences between populations respect to preimaginal mortality percentage meannumber of parasited eggs per female emergence of adults intrinsic rate of natural increase netreproductive rate and mean generations time The highest values were observed in T sp and then in T evanescence and these values were positively affected by Wolbachia infection in T brassicaepopulations In the second experiment parasitism ability of Trichogramma populations was evaluated byT absoluta eggs on tomato leaves in the first three days of female s life According to the results T evanescence showed the highest rate of parasitism in this duration Also the rate of parasitism wasaffected by female s age but interaction effects of populations and female s age was not significantlydifferent As the functional response of natural enemies to the host density is an important key to evaluatenatural enemy effectiveness in the third experiment functional responses of Trichogramma populationsto seven density of host eggs were assessed The results revealed that type III functional responses for allpopulations to host density In the forth experiment efficiency of these populations was assessed on alarger scale in the cages in greenhouse under cropping conditions Differences that were detected underlaboratory conditions were no longer observed in cage experiment and the four populations showedsimilar efficiency against T absoluta in cages The percentage of parasitism was around 6 in allpopulations The differences between the results obtained in the laboratory and greenhouse conditionsmay be due to abiotic and biotic parameters specially because of the effect of host plant structure onsearching behavior and efficiency of Trichogramma wasps keywords fertility life table functional response natural enemy biological control invasive pest

نفيسه پورجواد، جهانگير خواجه علي

مسعود بهار، حسن كريم منجني