بررسي سيستم زادآوري و تاثير خودگشني و دگر گشني بر ماده موثره، روغن و ويژگي هاي گياهچه اي اكوتيپ هاي ماريتغال ﴿.Silybum marianum L﴾ تحت شرايط عادي و تنش خشكي

چكيده انگليسي :

69 Evaluation of Breeding System and Effect of Self and Cross Pollination on Essential Oil and Seedling Characteristics of milk thistle Silybum marianum L Ecotypes Ziba vakili vakiliziba@gmail com 6 January 2016 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 83111 IranDegree M Sc Language FarsiMohamad Mahdi Majidi Majidi@cc iut ac irMohamad Hoseyn Ehtemam hehtemam@cc iut ac irAbstract Milk thistle Silybum marianum L is a plant belonging to the family Asteraceae and isknown as an effective herbal medicine in treating liver diseases This study was conducted tostudy the effects of breeding system and self and cross pollination on silymarin and someagronomic traits of 11 ecotypes of Milk thistle under normal and drought stress conditions inthree studies in growing season of 2013 in the research field of Isfahan University ofTechnology The first study was conducted to investigate genetic diversity and reproductivecharacteristics of ecotypes according to a randomized complete block design Results showedthat ecotypes had a high genetic variation for most of the traits percentage of dead pollengrains had a negative correlation with number of seeds in the capitol In the trait ofpigmentation it was found that ecotypes of northern areas had darker color Also the traitsseed weight per capitol decreased by increasing the length and diameter of flower seeds Second study was done to evaluate effects of pollination system and moisture environment onMilk thistle ecotypes and it was performed in the field according to a combined analysis ofsplit plot design To estimate obligate selfing effects at flowering time some capitols of eachplant enveloped before flowering and the others were allowed for cross pollination Resultsindicated that effect of moisture envionments and pollination system were significant on themost of measured traits Significant differences was observed among the ecotypes for seedcolor seed width seed diameter and percentage silymarin content Self pollination reducedpercentage of oil and silymarin content and increased grain size and grain weight Negativecorrelation between seed color and oil content were observed Third study was performed toevaluate the effect of maternal environment normal and drought stress in field on seedlingtraits and drought tolerance in seedling stage under two levels of osmotic potential 0 8 bar by polyethylene glycol PEG In general seeds from maternal environment stress incomparison to normal condition had less germination percentage root length and root dryweight Self pollinated seeds had higher values of root length than seeds resulted from cross pollination but the values of shoot length were reduced by self pollination However self andcross pollination treatments had no significant effects on seed germination Drought stresscaused by PEG decreased the studied traits significantly compared to control conditionindicating low drought tolerance of this species during germination stage Finally resultsindicated that considering no inbreeding depression by self pollination in this plant productionof pure inbred lines is possible in order to plan future studies in this medicinal plant Key words silymarin pollination seedling milk thistle morphological characteristics

وكيلي، زيبا

بررسي سيستم زادآوري و تاثير خودگشني و دگر گشني بر ماده موثره، روغن و ويژگي هاي گياهچه اي اكوتيپ هاي ماريتغال ﴿.Silybum marianum L﴾ تحت شرايط عادي و تنش خشكي

سيلي مارين , ويژگي هاي مورفولوژيك