Dacus ciliatus (Loew) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is one of the most important pests of cucurbit crops, which causes great damages by laying eggs inside the fruits and larval feeding on the fruit flesh. Recently, pheromones and food attractant have been successfully used in integrated management of fruit flies. In this study, seasonal population changes and damages of the fruit fly on different host plants during the growing season, winter survival, efficiency of different attractants and trap types and the effectiveness of insecticides in reducing the pest damage were studied in Golpayegan, Isfahan province, during 2020 and 2021. The fruit infestation rates were assessed in three host plant species, cucumber, zucchini and honeydew melon. Immediately after fruit initiation, weekly sampling was performed and infested fruits were transferred to the laboratory. In both years of the study no honeydew melon infested by D. ciliatus was found. In zucchini and cucumber fields, the pest population gradually increased with increasing temperature in late August and peaked on September. In the zucchini field, an average of 33.1 and 89.1 89 and in cucumber field an average of 64.7 and 99.1 adult fly per ten samples were recorded at the population peaks, in 2020 and 2021, respectively and at both years the fruit infestation rate reached to 100 percent. To eva‎luate the efficiency of trap types and attractants, four treatments were selected including green bucket trap + D. ciliatus pheromone, green bucket trap + protein hydrolysate, McPhail trap + D. ciliatus pheromone, white delta trap + D. ciliatus pheromone which placed in four blocks at a distance of 30 meters from each other and were examined weekly. In 2020, no significant difference was found between treatments but in 2021, pheromone baited McPhail trap with an average of 1.845 insects per trap were significantly different from other treatments, which seems cannot effectively reduce the pest population. To eva‎luate the effect of insecticide application eight insecticides including diazinon, malathion, phosalone, deltamethrin, Matrin, cypermethrin, abamectin and dichlorvos were compared with the control in a randomized complete block design with 5 replications. Based on the results, in 2020, abamectin and cypermethrin treatments with 13.68% and 14.11% mean percentage of infeseted fruits in weight caused the highest reduction in the infesetion rate. In 2021, also abamectin and cypermethrin treatments with the mean precent of infeseted fruits in number of 10.62 and 11.03 and the mean precent of infested fruits in weight of 9.42 and 9.29%, respectively, were the most efficient treatments. To determine the winter survival of the pest, soil sampling was started in early November by collecting. 20 pupae in each three replicats (sites), every 10 days. The overwintering pupae were transferred to the laboratory and kept at 25 ° C. The highest rate of adult emergence of 41.66% was recorded for the pupae collected in early October with an average ambient temperature of 8.4 °C. In the mid October, with an average temperature of 6.1°C, the emergence rate was 16.66 percent. At the subsequent sampling dates the survival of pupae and adult emergence rate was zero. These results can be used in the integrated pest management programs of D. ciliatus in cucurbit fields in Golpayegan region.

نفيسه پورجواد

جهانگير خواجه علي

لادن طلايي، محمدمهدي مجيدي