توصيفگر ها :
اسپرم , انسان , قوچ , آسيب به DNA , نسبت اسيدهاي چرب امگا-6 به امگا-3 , فراسنجه هاي خون
چكيده انگليسي :
Increased ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids in spermatozoa has been positively correlated with induced lipid peroxidation and elevated sperm DNA damage. Therefore, the fatty acid composition of each spermatozoa might be determinant of fertility status. This research was conducted in two different studies. In the first study, a case-control study was conducted including 56 infertile men (aged from 25 to 45 years) referring to Isfahan Fertility and Infertility Center (IFIC) to investigate the relationship between sperm and seminal plasma omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acid ratio with sperm DNA fragmentation. Men were grouped into high and low percentage of sperm DNA fragmentation, and seminal and sperm parameters were assessed between the two groups. Sperm parameters (WHO criteria), oxidative stress status (BODIPY and DCF staining), residual histones (aniline blue), DNA fragmentation (TUNEL and SCSA), and plasma fatty acid composition (HPLC) were assessed. Student’s t-test and Pearson’s correlation were used as statistical methods. The men with high sperm DNA damage had lower (P<0.05) sperm motility, higher sperm residual histone, and lipid peroxidation. Men diagnosed with high sperm DNA damage possessed higher amounts of total saturated, monounsaturated, and omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids ratio in both sperm and seminal plasma. Pearson’s correlation revealed positive correlations (P<0.05) between omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids ratio in both sperm and seminal plasma with the percentage of sperm residual histones, DNA damage, and sperm lipid peroxidation. Overall, our results indicated that infertility caused by deficiencies in omega-3 fatty acids could be diagnosed and treated by supplementation of these fatty acids in an individual’s diet. In the second study, rams were used as a mammalian model to investigate the effect of high and low ratios of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on seminal parameters, fatty acid profile, and DNA damage. A total of 20 Shall rams were allocated to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement design. There were two ratios of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids (LR: low and HR: high) with or without the addition of an antioxidant supplement. Feeding LR diets showed an improvement (P< 0.05) in sperm parameters including semen volume, sperm concentration, motility, and membrane integrity (40%, 58%, 41%, and 15%, respectively). The main effect of fatty acids ratio showed that providing rams LR diet reduced (P< 0.01) the oxidative status in both sperm cytoplasm and membrane (55% and 76%, respectively). Rams fed with LR diets had lower (P< 0.01) sperm DNA damage indexes, as shown by Aniline blue, Chromomycin A3, and Acridine orange (36%, 90%, and 68% reduction, respectively). Feeding LR diets increased the concentration of DHA, EPA and omega-3 fatty acids in sperm, while reduced the ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids in sperm (71%, P< 0.001), seminal plasma (35%, P< 0.01), and blood plasma (55%, P< 0.001). Supplementation of herbal antioxidants increased total protein and SOD (P< 0.05; 5% and 29%, respectively) while reduced the LDL and MDA content of blood plasma (P< 0.05; 19% and 36%, respectively). Overall, our results revealed that low ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids in ram’s diet had benefit effects on their fertility throughout the incorporation of omega-3 fatty acids into the sperm structure and seminal plasma, and therefore leading the improving sperm paraments and DNA damage.
