Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fabrics have high strength, dimensional stability, good chemical resistance, and low cost. Therefore, gradually became the main substrate in multifunctional wearable smart textiles. Today, MXene nanosheets are used in the coating and production of multifunctional textiles, which are synthesized by etching the MAX phase precursor. In this research, dual Max phases (Ti3AlC2, Ti2AlC) were produced by mechanical alloying of raw materials followed by self-Propagating high temperature synthesis method. Cost-effective double Max phases were fabricated from commercial powders of Ti, Al, TiC and agricultural waste-based activated carbon (AC). The effect of Ti/Al/C molar ratios and different carbon sources on the surface morphology, microstructure, chemical structure and electrical conductivity of Max phases was investigated. Dual Max phase produced by AC source with 3Ti:1.25Al:2C ratio showed the highest electrical conductivity (5.631×106 S/m) and proper purity. MAX phases obtained from two carbon sources were etched into MXene by fluorine-containing salt method. In order to investigate the effect of carbon source on the properties of synthesized MXene, TiC4, AC3 and AC4 MXene were produced and characterized by FESEM, EDS, XRD, XPS and HRTEM tests. The relationship between the flake size of nanosheets and their thickness with the electrical properties of synthesized MXene was done by DLS method. Then, the MXene nanosheets were coated on the modified PET fabric. RSM method was eva‎luated to check the reproducibility of coating, interaction between input factors, modeling and optimization of Ti3C2TX coating process on PET fabric. The MXene coated multifunctional fabric from a cost-effective carbon source (AC4) showed good electrical conductivity and acceptable photothermal properties (80°C during 100 s) with cyclic stability. By increasing the electrical conductivity and the amount of MXene loading on the samples, both in the dark and under light, the effectiveness of the samples against E. coli and S. aureus bacteria increases. So that the antibacterial activity of the AC4 MXene coated multifunctional fabric without adding additional material against E. coli and S. aureus under light irradiation reached 96.48% and 89.70% for 10 minutes, and 99.99% and 95.18% for 20 minutes. Also, the antibacterial properties of coated fabrics with AC4 MXene against both types of bacteria are higher than those of AC3 and TiC4, which is related to the lower number of layers, the lower thickness of MXene nanosheets and the larger flake size of AC4 MXene than AC3 and TiC4. Photothermal antibacterial properties of MXene coated fabrics in different washing times (20, 40, and 60 minutes) and against both bacteria, did not show a significant effect, which indicates the stability and proper adhesion of MXene to the surface of the fabric. Also, the presence of MXene causes the flame retardency of PET fabrics and their anti-drip performance, which can be used in practical applications, and also the coated fabrics were showed acceptable relative EMI shielding (up to 59 .5 dB/mm in X band). These multifunctional washable MXene-based fabrics with high durability and reasonable cost are outstanding candidates for photothermal antibacterial textiles in the future.

كميل نصوري , لاله قاسمي مباركه

اميرحسين جلالي حاجي آبادي

فتح اله كريم زاده , وحيد عبادي , مجيد منتظر , فرزانه علي حسيني