Two field experiments were conducted as two separate field studies during the years 2019 to 2022. The first study eva‎luated the morphophysiological and biochemical response of 14 genotypes of hollyhock plants (Isfahan, Khafr, Khomeini Shahr 1, Khomeini Shahr 2, Khorram Abad, Mahallat, Mashhad, Masouleh, Qazvin, Saman, Shahin Shahr, Shiraz 1, Shiraz 2 and Tabriz) to irrigation with normal water, moderate stress (100 mM NaCl salt) and severe stress (180 mM NaCl salt). This research was conducted in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications, and it was analyzed in the form of a combined analysis. The results showed that the levels of salinity stress led to a decrease in physiological traits such as pigments (carotenoids, chlorophyll a (chl a), chlorophyll b (chl b), chlorophyll (a+b)), Fv/Fm (photosystem ІІ quantum performance), RWC (relative leaf water content), and MSI (membrane stability index), and they led to an increase in proline, MDA (malondialdehyde), specific activity of antioxidant enzymes catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and guaiacol peroxidase. Biochemical traits such as total phenol, flavonoid, phenolic and flavonoid compounds including gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, vanillic acid, ellagic acid, Rutin, and luteolin, petal mucilage, leaf mucilage and seed mucilage increased under the salt stress. The noteworthy point was that traits such as proline, MDA, antioxidant enzymes activity, total phenol, flavonoid and components of phenolic and flavonoid compounds showed an increase in some genotypes under moderate salinity stress, but with an increasing salinity level. That is, the severe salinity stress was reduced. By examining the morpho-physiological and biochemical traits, it was generally found that genotypes such as Mahallat, Saman, Khorram Abad and Isfahan are among the most productive genotypes under normal irrigation conditions, while they receive the most negative effect from saline conditions. All genotypes with queeny petals also showed low performance in all traits when faced with salinity conditions, but in terms of phenolic acid and flavonoid compounds, they were in better condition than the others. Genotypes such as Tabriz, Khafr, Shiraz 1 and Shiraz 2 were among the weakest and most sensitive genotypes in terms of physiological and morphological characteristics, and they also received the most negative impact from salinity stress. The lowest yield of petals and seeds and the highest yield decrease were observed in these genotypes. Analyzing the methanol extract of hollyhock genotypes by HPLC, the phenolic and flavonoid compounds of gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, vanillic acid, ellagic acid, luteolin and rutin were detected. Salinity stress levels led to the decrease or increase of these compounds. But in most cases, moderate stress led to an increase in these compounds and severe stress led to a decrease in these compounds.

جمشيد رزمجو , حسن كريم مجني

پرويز احسان زاده , حميدرضا عشقي زاده

محمدحسين اهتمام , حسين شريعتمداري , بابك بحريني نژاد