4621

4349

كارشناسي ارشد

اصلاح نباتات

اصفهان: دانشگاه صنعتي اصفهان ، دانشكده كشاورزي

1387

سيزده ، 113 ، [II] ، ص: مصور ، جدول ، نمودار

ص. ع. به: فارسي وانگليسي

احمد ارزاني ، قدرت اله سعيدي

پرويز احسان زاده

88/6/14

آقا فخر ميرلوحي ، بدرالدين ابراهيم سيد طباطبايي

1396/09/13

كتابنامه

مهندسي كشاورزي

ID4349

به فارسي وانگليسي : قابل رويت در نسخه ديجيتال

Study of Karyotype Meiotic Behavior and NORs in Wild Synthetic and Common Wheats Mahbubue Arabbeigi arabbeigy 20@yahoo com 2009 03 01 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 83111 IranDegree M Sc Language FarsiSupervisor 1 Dr A Arzani a arzani@cc iut ac irSupervisor 2 Dr G Saeidi gsaeidi@cc iut ac irAbstractTo study the karyotype meiotic behavior and NORs of wild synthetic and common wheats thisresearch was conducted at Plant Breeding Laboratory of the Isfahan University of Technology Twentyone genotypes including 10 wild wheat accessions 7 common wheat genotypes and 4 synthetichexaploid wheats were grown in the field For meiotic studies immature anthers containing pollenmother cell PMC were fixed in Carnoy solution and then stained with hematoxylin and finallysquashed for microscopic observation Overall average number of ring bivalents at metaphase I rangedfrom 60 to 100 in the studied genotypes with the lowest rate belonging to diploid wild relativewheat species Four meiotic abnormalities including precocious chromosome migration to the poles atmetaphase chromosome stickiness laggard chromosomes at anaphase and telophase and formation ofmicronuclei in tetrad cells were found in the mentioned genotypes The most meiotic abnormalitieswere found in synthetic wheat accessions while meiotic index in all kind of wheat genotypes wasmore than 90 indicating their normal meiotic behavior Analysis of mitotic metaphase chromosomesconducted via seed germination pretreatment fixation storage hydrolyzation staining and observingunder light microscope resulted in karyotype and ideogram Results of analysis of variance showed thatthe wild synthetic and common wheat populations possessed statistically significant variation inchromosomal characteristics including total chromosomal length long and short arm lengths arm ratio centromery index and form percentage Synthetic haxaploid wheat Altar84 Ae squarrosa 192 hadthe longest long arm 10 34 m and Aegilops triuncialis specie had the shortest short arm 2 26 m among the studied species Ae umbellulata specie had least total form percentage TF 28 Thehighest and least value of difference of range of relative length DRL belonged to Ae umbellulataspecie 5 3 and one of the accession Triticum dicoccoides species 2 26 respectively Clusteranalysis based on chromosomal characteristics and karyotype asymmetry indices divided the genotypesinto three groups Synthetic hexaploid wheats included in first group wild relatives wheat includingAegilops species and T monococcum allocated to second group and other genotypes were in thirdgroup Average of symmetry index S in group 1 2 and 3 was 49 93 70 08 and 61 08 respectively Group 3 possessed the highest value of total form percentage TF 39 59 Romero Zarco sclassification procedure showed that group 1 the highest intrachromosomal asymmetry index A1 0 45 and interchromosomal asymmetry index A2 0 18 Stebbin s classification method indicatedthat group 1 belong to B class while other groups classified in different degrees of A class Thereforethe results revealed that group 1 including synthetic hexaploid wheat accessions had the mostasymmetric karyotype from point of view of centromer position and chromosome length Ag NORbanding identified two nucleolus organizer regions NORs on long arms of homologue chromosomes1B and 6B in tetraploid wheats Key Wordskaryotype asymmetry index meiotic behavior nucleolus organizer laggard bivalent chromosome stickiness

احمد ارزاني ، قدرت اله سعيدي

پرويز احسان زاده

آقا فخر ميرلوحي ، بدرالدين ابراهيم سيد طباطبايي