بررسي آب باران در اصفهان بزرگ

چكيده انگليسي :

103 Investigation of rainwater quality in Isfahan Elahe Gholamalian zanborakasal@yahoo com 22 7 2009 Department of Natural Resources Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 83111 Iran Degree M Sc Language FarsiSupervisor s Noorolah Mirghafari mnorolah@cc iut ac irAbstractEnvironment is a vast and complex set made of various elements that is caused by the process of evolutionof beings and composers of earth and thus it influences and also is influenced by human activities Atmosphere which is the most dynamic fluid of this environment is used as a receptive of the wastes Therecent awareness of the pollution problem catches so much attention on chemical parameters of the rainwater especially on main cations and anions and heavy metals that are important pollutants after organic pollutantsand these facts cause acid rain especially in industrial countries The level of pollution in industrial and urbanareas can be determined by the chemistry of the rainwater Nowadays the chemistry of the rainwater isconsidered as an indicator for controlling of the pollution in most countries The composition of the mainelements of rain depends on the content of the atmosphere and different particles that exist in the air Sampling and analyzing of the rainwater are useful techniques for studying the chemical composition of therainwater understanding of different resources that contribute to rainwater chemistry and understanding ofregional and local dispersion of pollutants and their potential effects on echosystems by means of thedeposition process In this research for studying the chemistry of rainwater in Isfahan city 6 stations werechosen in different directions The sampling of the rainwater in these stations was done for two years in rainyseasons from September 2007 to April 2009 The results of the analysis of rainwater showed that the pH ofthis region with an average of 7 34 is alkaline It seems that the local soil and the dust particles that are in theorbit of the rainy clouds are effective in this fact Among these 6 stations Zarin shahr station has got thehighest pH and it can be because of the highest amount of bicarbonate ions Also considering the fact that thisstation is in the south west of Isfahan and is the entrance of the rainy mass to Isfahan it is still not influencedby the acid compounds of the rain The lowest pH is related to the stations in the north of Isfahan IsfahanUniversity of technology and Second Robat Street That is probably because of the influence of the greatindustries like Isfahan Refinery and Power plant which are considered as important sources of pollution Theconcentration of compounds in rainwater has got the following sequence Bicarbonate chloride sodium sulfate calcium nitrate Ammonium magnesium potassiumThe chloride and bicarbonate ions are dominant anions and sodium is the dominant cation of this region Theproportion of the acid compounds in the region is less than alkali compounds and it seems that the dryclimate of this region the presence of the dust from the soil in the atmosphere and the transmission of theseparticles from dry neighbor regions are the reasons of the high rate of the alkali ions Considering theconcentration of chloride sulfate and nitrate ions it could be said that the chlorid acid sulfuric acid and nitricacid are the acid compounds of the rainwater in this region Also the alkali ions of bicarbonate sodium calcium and ammonium are the acidity neutralization of the rainwater in the region The nature of the alkalisoil of this region plays an important role in this task The good correlation of the sulfate and nitrate withalkaline ions shows the importance of the alkali ions in neutralizing of the acid ions Key words rainwater chemistry acid rain main cations and anions Isfahan

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بررسي آب باران در اصفهان بزرگ

شيمي آب باران , باران اسيدي , كاتيون ها و آنيون هاي اصلي , اهميت اتمسفر , بارش