برهمكنش روي و كادميم در جذب،انتقال و برخي واكنش هاي اكسيداتيو در تعدادي از ارقام گندم باروي-كارآيي متفاوت

چكيده انگليسي :

122 Zinc and cadmium interaction on uptake translocation andsome oxidative reactions in some wheat genotypes with different zinc efficiency Azadeh Sanaei Ostovar sanaeiazadeh@yahoo com 2 November 2009 Department of Soil Science Collage of Agriculture Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 83111 IranDegree M Sc Language FarsiDr A H Khoshgoftarmanesh amirhkhosh@cc iut ac irAbstractImproving health quality of agricultural products is an important subject in different agricultural sciences thathas also been considered by human nutritionists Micronutrients enrichment of agricultural productsparticularly cereals and reducing the amount of toxic heavy metal contamination e g Cd in these productsare of the most effective and low cost approaches to combat malnutrition problems in human Selecting andbreeding crop genotypes with high efficiency in uptake translocation and utilization of micronutrients areknown approach to increase yield and quality of cereals Wheat is a main staple in many Asian countries suchas Iran This greenhouse solution culture study was conducted to investigate Zn and Cd interaction inuptake translocation and some oxidative reactions in some wheat genotypes differing in Zn efficiency Twobread wheat genotypes Triticum aestivum L cvs Rushan and Back Cross Rushan and one durum wheatgenotype Triticum durum L cv Aria were exposed to two levels of Cd 0 and 1 M and three levels of Zn 0 10 and 20 M in a nutrient solution Shoot and root dry matter yield root and shoot concentration of Fe Zn Cd and P concentration of Zn in the leaf cell wall and xylem sap root catalase and SH groupsconcentrations and root membrane permeability in different wheat genotypes were measured Results showedthat the Rushan genotype had higher shoot and root dry matter yield in comparison with two other genotypes The greatest response to Zn nutrition was also observed in this genotype Zinc nutrition increased the root drymatter yield in all wheat genotypes but increased the shoot dry matter yield only in Rushan Zinc addition tothe media resulted a significant increase in the root concentration of catalase and SH groups Zinc and Cdinteractions in uptake and translocation were dependent on the genotype and Zn concentration in the media Cadmium imposed oxidative damages such as decreased root and shoot dry matter yield reduction in the rootconcentration of SH groups and catalase and a significant increase in the root membrane permeability Theseverity of damage varied among wheat genotypes The highest Cd induced oxidative damages were found inthe Rushan genotype so that in addition to a general decrease in the root and shoot dry matter the lowest rootconcentration of catalase and SH groups as well as the highest root membrane permeability were found inthis genotype In contrast the Durum genotype showed the highest SH groups and catalase concentrationsand the lowest root membrane permeability Zinc nutrition could counteract the negative effect of Cd on theroot and shoot dry matter yield while it had no positive effect on compensating Cd induced damages such asreduced concentration of catalase and SH groups and enhanced root membrane permeability The highestshoot Zn concentration was found in the Rushan genotype while the Durum showed the lowest shoot Znconcentration In contrast the Durum could accumulate high amount of Zn from the media as compared to theRushan genotype The highest and lowest Zn uptake was found in the Back Cross Rushan and Rushangenotypes respectively Among the studied wheat genotypes the Rushan genotype had the lowest root andshoot Fe concentration while the highest translocation of Fe from the root to the shoot was found in thisgenotype The Durum wheat accumulated the highest amount of Cd in the roots in comparison with the otherwheat genotypes According to the results it could be concluded that the interaction of Zn and Cd in theuptake translocation and utilization is dependent on the crop genotype and metal concentration in

سنايي استوار، آزاده

برهمكنش روي و كادميم در جذب،انتقال و برخي واكنش هاي اكسيداتيو در تعدادي از ارقام گندم باروي-كارآيي متفاوت

فلزات سنگين , غني سازي محصولات كشاورزي