بررسي سيتوژنتيكي گياه باريجه Ferula gummosa

چكيده انگليسي :

Cytogenetic Study of Galbanum Ferula gummosa Mohammadbagher Parsa Gharamaleki mbparsa@yahoo com Date of Submission 02 03 2011 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 83111 Iran Degree M Sc Language Farsi Supervisors s name and email address Aghafakhr Mirlohi mirlohi@cc iut ac ir Abstract Galbanum Ferula gummosa is one of the most important Iranian indigenous medicinal plants with considerable number of applications in pharmaceuticals health and cosmetics Conservation and improvement of this plant requires basic genomic information Chromosomal data have played an important role in the study of plant systematic plant breeding and evolution at all levels In the present work karyotypic evaluation for galbanum was performed and its cytotaxonomic relationships with two other plant species Ferula hezarlalehzarica Doremal glabrum were considered The four galbanum accessions used were collected from different geographical locations in Fereydonshahr Isfahan Damavan and Tafresh of Iran To find the best treatment for breaking seed dormancy in galbanum a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design was carried with gibberellic acid 500 ppm and placing seeds under running tap water being the main two factors Each factor had four levels including gibberellic acid treatment of seeds for 0 12 24 and 48 hours and washing seeds under tap water for 0 24 48 and 72 hours Seeds explants were cultured on MS medium and germination rate and percentage for each treatment was recorded It was shown that gibberellic acid has a positive effect on seed germination and dormancy breaking in an extent that after 70 days on culture seed germination reached a high level of 70 percent This highly facilitated the cytogenetic studies since there were plenty of root specimens available The result of chromosome counting demonstrated that all accessions of galbanum are diploid with 22 chromosomes 2n 22 The karyotype formula was 7m 3sm 1st for all the accessions and the average length of chromosome for Fereydonshahr Isfahan Damavand and Tafresh accessions were measured to be 2 178 2 022 2 035 and 1 880 respectively Analysis of variance ANOVA results illustrated that total chromosome length and centromere index of accessions were significantly different but the relative chromosome length was not significantly different among accessions For instance relative length of chromosome 1 in accession 1 was 11 70 in accession two was 11 85 in accession 3 was 12 02 and in accession four was 12 04 so this type of within species variation can be related to differences may had occurred in cell divisions stages The result of karyotype analysis of F hezarlalehzarica and D glabrum showed that these two species are diploid with 22 chromosomes 2n 22 and their karyotype formula is 7m 3sm 1st Results also demonstrated that all chromosomal traits in these plants were significantly different at the 1 percent probability level The cluster analysis of galbanum accessions along with F hezarlalehzarica and D glabrum classified galbanum accessions into a separate cluster from F hezarlalehzarica and D glabrum that were classified in the second Karyotype symmetry parameters showed that the average of S index in first and second clusters were 56 22 and 66 5 percent respectively The average of inter chromosomal asymmetry index A2 in first cluster was 0 2 and in second cluster it was 0 14 According to Stebbins method all karyotypes were classified in 2A class and were considered primitive With regards to other symmetry parameters such as inter chromosomal asymmetry index F hezarlalehzarica and D glabrum had more asymmetric form than F gummosa and were regarded more advanced on the evolutionary scales Keywords Galbanum Ferula gummosa Dorema glabrum Ferula hezarlalehzarica karyotype

پارساقراملكي، محمدباقر

بررسي سيتوژنتيكي گياه باريجه Ferula gummosa

Dorema globrum , Ferula hezarlaleh zarica , كاريوتيپ