تاثير كاربرد اسپرمين و اسيد جيبراليك برشكستن خواب ميني تيوبرها و غده هاي معمولي سيب زميني

چكيده انگليسي :

Abstract The inability of potato buds to sprout due to dormancy constitutes a serious problem when the tuber is to be used as seed within short time from harvest A number of chemicals have been used to break dormancy Gibberellins are known to be the most effective chemicals for breaking potato dormancy Moreover it is possibile that polyamines are also effective in breaking tubers dormancy scince it was shown that before expiring potato tuber dormancy the level of endogeneous gibberellins and polyamines will increase Different studies have been recommended a wide range of gibberellin concentrations But there is a few informations about application of polyamines This is particularly important for breaking minituber dormancy Therefore two seprate experiments were carried out Each experiment was conducted as factorial in a compeletly randomized design with 4 replications of 10 tubers As the first experiment a 7 2 3 factorial experiment was conducted to examine the response of potato tubers to exogenous application of GA3 5 10 20 mg l 1 and spermine 30 45 60 mg l 1 with distilled water as control cutting at the point of tuber attachment to the stolon and their interactions in terms of dormancy breaking and sprout growth of different cultivars Agria Marfona and Chandramukhi Results showed that in all cultivars applying GA3 or spermine advanced breaking of dormancy but spermine was less effective Applying GA3 or spermine also increased the number of sprouts per tuber compaired with control GA3 treatments induced an increase in length of apical sprout but spermine reduced it Moreover there was strong interactions with cultivar and plant growth regulators in a way that effects of these plant growth regulators were more clear in Chandramikhi The diameter of apical sprout was significantly increased by spermine at the rate of 30 and 45 mg l 1 but 10 and 20 mg l 1 GA3 reduced it No differences between cutted and not cutted tubers were observed regarding days to apical sprouting and length of apical sprout but cutting at the point of attachment to the stolon reduced diameter of apical sprouts A second 8 3 factorial experiment was carried out to examine the response of potato minitubers of different cultivars Agria Marfona and sante to exogenous application of GA3 25 50 250 and 500 mg l 1 and spermine 60 90 120 mg l 1 and their interactions in terms of dormancy breaking and sprout growth In this experiment in all cultivars applying GA3 or spermine advanced breaking of dormancy but spermine was less effective Furthermore applying GA3 also increased the number of sprouts per minituber The length of apical sprout was significantly increased by GA3 at the rate of 50 250 and 500 mg l 1 Moreover although the spermine decreased length of apical sprouts it was not statisticaly significant The diameter of apical sprout was significantly increased by spermine but reduced by GA3 Minitubers which were treated with 50 250 and 500 mg l 1 GA3 showed shrinking more than control but spermine did not Between cultivars the shortest time to apical sprouting was in Sante Moreover the shortest apical sprout and the highest diameter of apical sprouts number of sprouts per tuber and shrinking were observed in this cultivar Marfona showed the longest time to apical bud sprouting and the longest apical sprout The interactions between cultivar and plant growth regulators was statisticaly significant in all of measured traits of this experiment Keywords spermine gibberellic acid potato minituber dormancy

مداحيان، مريم

تاثير كاربرد اسپرمين و اسيد جيبراليك برشكستن خواب ميني تيوبرها و غده هاي معمولي سيب زميني

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