تاثير غلظت هاي مختلف هوميك و فولويك اسيد بر خصوصيات كمي و كيفي گل ژربرا

چكيده انگليسي :

The Effect of Different Concentrations of Humic and Fulvic Acid onQuantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Gerbera Jamesonii Batool Yazdani M Yazdani26@yahoo com March 2011 Department of Horticultural Sciences Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 83111 Iran Degree M Sc Language Farsi Supervisor Assist Prof N Etemadi Supervisor Assist Prof A Nikbakht Abstract Gerbera Gerbera Jamesonii L is presently a major cut flower crop in the world Decreasinggerbera quality is a major problem especially in winter and in appropriate greenhouse conditions Greenhouse growers typically use high nutrient concentrations in attempt to maximize crop yieldand quality especially to decrease bent neck incidence but there are environmental concernsassociated with increased fertilizer application with continuous growth of the horticulturalindustry The use of humic substances HS as a promising natural resource could increase or atleast maintain production quality of ornamental plants with reduced fertilizer inputs Humicsubstances HS include two main fractions humic acids and fulvic acids and are the mostimportant components of nonliving soil organic matter They are produced by the decay oforganic materials In the present study we tested whether the addition of humic substances humic acid and fulvic acid to nutrient solution improve crop yield quality and postharvest lifeof gerbera The effect of six concentrations of humic substances humic HA and fulvic acid FA were examined on growth and postharvest life of gerbera cv Lourdes at Isfahanuniversity of technology Iran Plants were grown in 90 6 L pots containing a mixture of straightwith peat moss perlite and lica 6 3 1 Three replications per treatment were involved in arandomized complete block design The pots were irrigated from upper part with nutrientsolution HA and FA applied to solutions in six combinations including control 80 mg l HA 20 mg l FA 60 mg l HA 40 mg l FA 40 mg l HA 60 mg l FA 100 mg l FA and 50 mg l FA Number fresh weight of flowers head diameter and length of scapes were taken from the flowerproduction in 9 month period For postharvest experiment uniform flowers were kept in 500 mLdistilled water at 26 2 C 60 5 relative humidity and 16 8 h photoperiod Every three dayflowers were weighted while renewing water The flower bending incidence bending ofcapitulum over 90 and vase life vase life terminated by bending or petal wilting wererecorded daily on 12 flowers per treatment At the end of experiment fresh and dry weight ofshoot and root diameter number and length of roots were recorded The concentration of totalnitrogen of leave and calcium iron and zinc of the leaves and scapes were determined Data wereanalyzed by the LSD comparisons of means using procedure within the SAS statistical systemAlthough HA and FA application did not significantly improve flower weight scape length andfresh and dry weight of shoot but they enhance yield number of harvested flower per plant flower diameter flower vase life and number fresh and dry weight of roots Yield and rootgrowth increased at 50 mg l FA incorporated into the solution The results showed that 50 mg lFA was the most effective treatment and extended the vase life by 8 days and prevented anddelayed bent neck incidence On the other hand all HA and FA treatments could decrease waterloss after 6 and 12 days in comparison to control Total nitrogen of leaves were significantlyenhanced by HA and FA Results indicated that FA and HA incorporated into the solutionincreased macro and micronutrient contents of leaves and scapes However 100 mg l FA and 60mg l HA 40 mg l FA decreased Ca of leaves and Fe of the scapes These effects which seemsto be concentration related could be due to hormone like activities of humic substancesthrough its involvement in cell respiration and antioxidant and other enzymatic reactions It was

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تاثير غلظت هاي مختلف هوميك و فولويك اسيد بر خصوصيات كمي و كيفي گل ژربرا

تغذيه گياهي , عناصر غذايي , عمر گلداني , گل شاخه بريده