طراحي، ساخت و ارزيابي سامانه پايش عملكرد به منظور تهيه نقشه تغيير پذيري گندم

چكيده انگليسي :

Design Development and Evaluation of a Yield Monitoring System for Mapping Spatial Variability in Wheat Hoda kargarpour hodakargarpour@yahoo com May 18 2011 Department of Agriculture Machinery Engineering Isfahan University of Technology 84156 83111 Iran Degree M Sc Language Farsi Supervisor J Razavi Jrazavi@cc iut ac ir AbstractThe existence of spatial variability within fields points to considerable benefits if inputs to arable crop productionare targeted according to locally determined requirements Yield monitors are a recent development in agriculturalmachinery that allow grain producers to assess the effects of weather soil properties and management on grainproduction While yield mapping has become an important part of precision farming strategies the goal of thisproject was to plot a yield map by the application of yield monitoring components The best location to evaluateproductivity levels by measuring yield and quality of grain and straw is the combine harvester The system consistsof an impact flow sensor determining the mass flow of grain the GPS receiver determining position of the machine two shaft encoders measuring the speed of the combine an ultrasonic sensor measuring the actual cutting width anda data logger which displays values and saves them on a MMC card The cornerstone of a yield monitoring system isthe mass flow sensor used to measure the mass flow rate of clean grain through a combine which is accomplishedby assessing the impact force of grain hitting a plate The mass flow sensor consists of a load cell and an impactplate which is exposed to the predominant grain flow from the clean grain elevator This sensor was positioned inthe transition housing between the clean grain elevator and the loading auger of the clean grain tank The calibrationof the sensor relates the force on the sensor to the mass flow rate of grain The GPS receiver was used to provideGPS data that finally identifies the spatial properties of the field The incremental steel shaft encoders were fixed onthe back wheels to eliminate wheel slippage effect The distance traveled by the combine during a sampling periodwas determined by multiplying the ground speed by the time of the sampling period A JD 955 combine equipped byyield mapping components harvested two wheat fields in Fereidoonshahr Isfahan Province Iran The yield datawere used with information generated by the GPS receiver and a yield map was created by the use of ArcGIS 9 3software Pre harvest yield hand sampling from parts of the fields were performed and the yield was determined tovalidate the system After harvesting wheat soil samples were collected from various locations and analyzed for soilspatial variability across the fields Analysis were mainly soil texture soil potassium content phosphorus content nitrogen content and soil electric conductivity The correlation analysis of the soil data and yield data of the twofields showed only height and phosphorus content had significant effect on yield For farm1 height had a negativecorrelation r 0 371 p 0 05 and phosphorus content r 0 296 p 0 05 For farm 2 height had a positivecorrelation r 0 331 p 0 05 and phosphorus had a negative correlation r 0 356 p 0 05 The high content ofphosphorus in two farms may have resulted in low yield thus negative correlation may prove this relation Thus forthe experimental fields it is recommended to avoid application of phosphorus fertilizer for the next season Thecomparison of manual yield data and sensor yield data showed 3 64 error for farm1 and 9 98 error for farm 2 Key wordsYield monitoring system precision agriculture SSM GPS variability map wheat yield measuring sensor

كارگرپور، هدي

طراحي، ساخت و ارزيابي سامانه پايش عملكرد به منظور تهيه نقشه تغيير پذيري گندم

سامانه كنترل عملكرد , كشاورزي دقيق , مديريت ناحيه گياه , GPS , حسگر اندازه گير عملكرد گندم