بررسي بيماري زايي و اثر نماتود ريشه گرهي Meloidogyne javanica بر اسانس سه گياه دارويي

چكيده انگليسي :

Investigation on Pathogenicity and Effect of Root Knot Nematode Meloidogyne javanica on Essence of Three Medicinal Plants Zahra Alijani alijanineda@yahoo com Date of submission May 4 2011 Department of Plant Protection Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 83111 Iran Degree M Sc Language Farsi B Sharifnabi Ph D Assoc Professor Supervisor Sharifna@cc iut ac irAbstractMedicinal plants historically have always had a special affinity with human beings and their medicinal effectsand utilizations is clear These plants are one of the richest plant sources of the country that can be exportedtoo Iran is considered as one of the best part of the world because of climate geographical position and growthcondition of these plants and in the past has been one of the best source for production and consumption ofmedicinal plants As secondary metabolism they produce substances with physiological and therapeutic effects In this study medicinal plants namely dill Anethum graveolens savory Satureja hortensis and pot marigold Calendula officinalis were evaluated for their host status to root knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica andeffect of this nematode on some pharmaceutical compound of susceptible plants During the years 2007 2010 infected roots of cucumber tomato and pomegranate to root knot nematode were collected from Isfahan andChahar Mahal va Baktyari provinces For the identification and mass culture of the collected nematodes fromeach root sample carrying gall within petri dish in the strill water a big egg mass was selected and slowlyseparated from root and placed into a tube containing strill water Then the selected eggmass was placed aroundthe roots of the 2 4 leaf stage tomato cultivar Rutgers in the greenhouse In order to identify the nematodespecies after 60 70 days roots of plants was examined To confirm nematode species morphological methodsand molecular markers were used and M javanica was identified according to perineal pattern of adult femalesand amplification of 670 bp and 1600 bp bands of extracted DNA from egg single larvae and soil of nematodeinfected pots Host status of three plants of dill savory and pot marigold was determined using completerandomized blocks design with four replications and after 20 days three eggs and larvae of nematode per gramof soil was inoculated around the plants roots After 60 days plant s root was excised from pot and nematodeindices such as gall number egg number egg mass number and number of larvae in soil and also according toreproduction factor RF dill plant was identified as hypersensitive savory plant as resistant and pot marigoldas susceptible to the nematode In order to study the effects of different levels of initial nematode population anexperiment was designed in complete randomized blocks After 90 days using SAS software means comparedby multiple variable Duncan test According to obtained results by increasing initial nematode inoculum means of plant growth factors was reduced Plant chemical compounds analysis was done using highperformance liquid chromatography HPLC Results of analysis and comparision of chemical compounds ofinfected and healthy plants showed that flavonoid and triterpenoid compounds namely quercetin and ursolicacid that have anti cancer anti tumor and anti inflammatory effects were increased in the nematode treatedplants These compounds take part in the defence mechanism of plant host against insects and pathogens attack Taking into account the increase in concentration of these medicinal compounds in infected plants to thenematode it is expected that this nematode species can induce the production of quercetin and ursolic acidcompounds in pot marigold Keywords Flavonoid and triterpenoid compounds HPLC Medicinal plants Meloidogyne javanica Potmarigold

علي جاني، زهرا

بررسي بيماري زايي و اثر نماتود ريشه گرهي Meloidogyne javanica بر اسانس سه گياه دارويي

تركيبات فلانوييدي و تري ترپنوييدي , كروماتوگرافي , نماتود ريشه گرهي , هميشه بهار