كاربرد بنتونيت معمولي و فرآوري شده در كاهش پساب سيلاژ ذرت مرطوب و بررسي تاثير آن ها بر تركيب شيميايي سيلاژ حاصل

چكيده انگليسي :

Application of Typical and Processed Bentonites as Absorbent in Effluent Reduction of High Moisture Corn Silages and Investigating of Their Effects on the Chemical Composition of Obtained Sialge Marzieh Mazaheri Tehrani m mazaheritehrani@ch iut ac ir Date of Submission May 1 2011 Department of Chemistry Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 83111 Iran Degree M Sc Language FarsiSupervisors Prof Hasan S Ghaziaskar ghazi@ch iut ac ir Dr Mohammad Khorvash mkhorvash@yahoo comAbstractThe aim of this research was investigating the application of processed Bentonite as low cost enrichedabsorbents named Silagel Hydrogel and Farzinal Farzinal was typical bentonite Hydrogel wasprocessed bentonite with typical pH Silagel was the processed bentonite with pH 4 The silage effluent isa liquid that exit from silo during the silage period This liquid is a serious pollution source for theenvironment The reason is that it has good situations for microorganism growth and growing of them leadto removing solute oxygen from the liquid faster than it s incoming to the liquid This due to high biologicaloxygen demand BOD for the silage effluent The comparison of silage effluent BOD with the other sourcesof pollutions showed the importance of this investigation The characteristics of the used absorbents werehigh ability of water absorption Hydrogel swelling volume was about 40 fold of its dry mass Particlessizes were in the range 10 to 35 nanometer by AFM High cation exchange capacity obtained Also theprice of absorbents was very low The corn forage had high moisture Addition of absorbents wasperformed in four levels of 0 2 0 25 0 3 and 0 35 w w Each level had 3 replicates and one of them wastaken as control with no additives Duration of the silage was 90 days and the effluent was measured in sixsteps Due to low dry matter content the amount of output effluent of the control silage was high and inabout 108 g kg of forage The effluent reduction in comparison to control silage had significant difference Entirely the reduction in was 46 31 and 35 percent for Silagel Farzinal and Hydrogel respectively Because of investigating the absorbents effect on the nutritional parameters of the silaged forage it wasnecessary to determination of some factors including dry matter by drying in the oven acidity bymeasuring the silage juice pH ash by electrical furnace crude protein by kjehldal method ammonia by kjehldal method without digestion step ethanol and volatile fatty acids by gas chromatography lacticacid with high performance liquid chromatography and water soluble carbohydrates byspectrophotometry were measured Minimum effect coused by addition of absorbents was seen in thesefactors About Silagel there was not significant effect between it and control silage In case of 0 35 Hydrogel the DM and Ash were increased Ammonia nitrogen was decreased these effects were positive Atlast about the Farzinal in the level of 0 2 the CP amount was higher than control silage but in the levelof 0 35 it was lower than control Economical comparison between these absorbents and other absorbentsthat have similar performance showed clearly why these adsorbents should be used Keywords Silage Effluent Absorbent Bentonite

مظاهري تهراني، مرضيه

كاربرد بنتونيت معمولي و فرآوري شده در كاهش پساب سيلاژ ذرت مرطوب و بررسي تاثير آن ها بر تركيب شيميايي سيلاژ حاصل

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