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چكيده انگليسي :

Production of Nano Poweder From Recovered Feather Protein Zahra Pedramrad z pedramrad@tx iut ac ir Date of Submission 4 Oct 2011 Department of Textile Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 83111 IranDegree M Sc Language Farsi Dr Hossein Tavanai tavanai@cc iut ac ir Dr Alireza Moradi moradi a@cc iiut ac ir AbstractThe chicken feathers is a very inconvenient and troublesome waste product of the poultry farming industry Feather bers have a relatively low density of approximately 0 8 g cm3 and have good thermal and acousticalinsulating properties The keratin feather ber has many is being used by a considerable number of industriesin applications such as short ber reinforcement for polymers These fibers are also used for the productionof a range of products in non woven lters and paper industries Moreover they are also a source of fillingsin products like pillows However the amount of feather fibers used in the above mentioned industries isonly a fraction of the whole feather production Therefore in order to make a good use of this waste which isrich in protein the recovery of the keratin from feather is presently the object of comprehensiveinvestigations in many research centers The keratinous feather from the poultry industries can be reducedand then solubilized to nearly pure keratin and then used in applications such as cosmetics or lm production in a compressed form biodegradable coatings cell culturing substrates In the powder form keratin hasalso found applications in food cosmetics and drug delivery applications Generally speaking powder can beproduced through a number of techniques such as milling ball air and spray drying One of the drawbacksof these techniques is the rather wide distribution of the particles in the powder as well as a considerablyhigher particle size Also the particles have not a unique shape Electrospraying is a direct method forpreparing solid particles which can be conducted under mild conditions The literature review showed noreport on the production of keratin nanopowder through electrospraying technique So in the present study the production of keratin nanopowder through electrospraying will be persued At first feathe keratins wasrecovered from an aqueous solution of chicken feathers in urea sodium dodecyl sulfate SDS and 2 mercaptoethanol This keratin solution was dialyzed in order to get the solution containing only keratinmacromolecules The keratin in the solution was chemically modified with iodoacetic acid IAA tosafeguard it against oxidation of thiol SH Groups This automatically enhances its solubility in organicsolvent The modified solution is dialyzed again to obtain the solution of modifies keratin Then freezedraying was employed to obtain the keratin cake To prepare the electoapraying solution the solubility aswell as the electrospraying ability of the solution of keratin in a number of solvents was tested The solventtested were acetic acid formic acid hexafluoroisopropanol HFIP trifluoroacetic acid TFA ethanol methanol dimethylformamide and dimethylformamide It was found out that only the solution of keratin intrifluoroacetic acid was suitable for electrospraying In addition the effect of some parameters inelectrospraying namely concentration of keratin solution voltage feed rate and needle collector distance on average particle size of keratin nanopowder was studied The scanning electron micrographs showed thatelectrospraying is able to produce uniform spherical shape and size keratin nanopowder with average particlesize as low as 60 nm Also it was ascertained that lower concentrations lower feed rates longer needle collector distances and increasing voltage up to18 kV lead to a decrease in the average particle size of keratinnanopowder Higher voltages more than 18kv increased the average particle size FT IR and XRD studiesshowed that the structure of electrosprayed keratin is similar to raw keratin but with a lower crystallinityindex Keywords Feather keratin ele

پدرام راد، زهرا

توليد نانو پودر از پروتئين بازيابي شده پر

كراتين پر , الكترواسپري , تري فلئوراستيك اسيد