سنتز پلي ﴿آميد-ايميد﴾ هاي فعال نوري در محيط مايع يوني با خصلت اسيد لوييس و بررسي تاثير تركيبات حاوي روي و نيتروژن بر عملكرد رشد گياه خيار گلخانه اي

چكيده انگليسي :

Synthesis of Optically Active Poly amide imide s in Lewis Acidic Ionic Liquid and Surveying the Effect of Zinc and Urea Containing Compounds on Growth of Greenhouse Cucumbers Nayereh Arab N arab@ch iut ac ir 27 February 2012Department of Chemistry Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 83111 I R Iran Degree M Sc Language FarsiSupervisors Prof Abdolreza hajipour E mail haji@cc iut ac ir Dr Amirhossein khoshgoftarmanesh E mail amirhkhosh@cc iut ac irAbstract Most chemical reactions have been carried out in molecular solvents previously For two millennia most ofour understanding of chemistry has been based upon the behavior of molecules in the solution phase inmolecular solvents Room temperature ionic liquids RTILs are salts with melting points lower than 30 oC They look like classical liquid but they do not contain any molecules they are made of ions Ionic liquids IL are an broadly used eco friendly non conventional reaction intermediate for many chemical andbiochemical transformations because of their special properties such as solubility no volatility highreactivity low flammability and opportunity of recycling etc Chiral polymers containing amino acid units have some applications for example chiral media forasymmetric synthesis chiral stationary phases for resolution of enantiomers in chromatographic techniqueschiral liquid crystals in ferroelectric and nonlinear optical procedure in addition they have been used in thepharmaceutical manufacturing for enantioselective parting of drugs or in drug deliverance systems Polycondensation reactions to prepare poly amide imide s PAI s are conventionally performed in aproticpolar high boiling point organic solvents for example N methyl 2 pyrrolidone NMP N N dimethyacetamide DMAc N N dimethyformamide DMF which has environmental disadvantagesexcess of cost on synthetic methods Polymerization in ILs in contrast with volatile organic solvents mayalso improve the chemistry of polymer by easier recycling and improving the reaction intermediate In firstsection of this project Chiral diacids monomers were prepared from the reaction of pyromelliticdianhydride and different natural amino acids such as L valine L phenylealanine L alanine and L leucine Then direct polycondensation reaction of these optically active diacids with 4 4 Diamino diphenyl sulfoneand 4 4 Diamino diphenyl ether was performed using choline chloride 2ZnCl2as a green ionic medium inthe presence of triphenyl phosphite as an activating reagent Optimization conditions such as temperature condensing ratio and reaction time were studied All of the synthetic compounds were obtained in goodyields Inherent viscosities of these synthetic polymers indicate moderate molecular weights The obtainedpolymers were identified by means of speci c rotation experiments FT IR and elemental analysestechniques Some of these polymers were characterized by 1H NMR and thermogravimetric analysis TGA In second section of this study we were considered the effect of three compounds on growth of greenhousecucumbers Two of these compounds are chloride 2ZnCl2 and zinc methionine and one of them ischloride 2urea In consideration of zinc source zinc Zn was supplied with chloride 2ZnCl2 or zinc methionine or zinc sulfate and for surveying the nitrogen source nitrogen N was supplied withchloride 2urea or nitrate ammonium The plant harvested in one steps 49 days after seed germination and inthis step fresh weight of shoots and roots were determined In Zn treatment s plants the Zn concentration inshoots and roots were measured the result indicated that chloride 2ZnCl 2 and zinc methionine have goodeffect on growth of greenhouse cucumbers and Zn concentration in shoots and roots Urea is an importentnitrogen fertilizer in today s agriculture and its suitability for field crops has been well evaluated In N treatment we were considered the effect of nickel Ni on hydrolysis urea so we used Ni at 0 1 M level Niincreased hydrolysis urea and decreased urea conce

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سنتز پلي ﴿آميد-ايميد﴾ هاي فعال نوري در محيط مايع يوني با خصلت اسيد لوييس و بررسي تاثير تركيبات حاوي روي و نيتروژن بر عملكرد رشد گياه خيار گلخانه اي

كولين كلرايد , روي , اوره , نيكل