تاثير رژيم هاي آبياري و قارچ ميكوريزا بر عملكرد و اجزاي عملكرد كنجد

چكيده انگليسي :

The Effects of Irrigation Regimes and Mycorrhiza on Yield and Yield Components of Sesame Sesamum indicum L Abdullah Ahmadnejad ab ahmadnejad@yahoo com Date of Submition February 2012 02 19 Department of Water Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 83111 IranDegree M Sc Language Farsi1st J Abedi Koupai Assoc Prof supervisor koupai@cc iut ac ir2nd S F Mousavi Prof supervisor mousavi@cc iut ac irAbstract Sesame Sesamum indicum L is one of the most important oilseed crops in the world It is well suited todifferent crop rotations Water resources are limited for irrigation worldwide Drought stress is one of the mostimportant environmental factors limiting sesame production Irrigation is of great importance to sesame productionin arid and semi arid environments due to positive effects on yield The effects of water deficiency can be reducedby inoculation of plant roots with mycorrhiza fungi In this experiment the objective was to determine the effects ofdifferent levels of water application 60 80 100 and 120 of soil moisture depletion by surface drip irrigation T tape method and inoculation of plants with mycorrhiza G mosseae on yield yield components and WUEag overall agronomic efficiency of water use of sesame The field experiment was conducted at the AgriculturalResearch Farm of Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan province in 2011 This area has an arid climate Theexperiment was arranged using a factorial design based on randomized complete block design with threereplications The amount of water used was based on daily soil moisture reading during growing season Resultsshowed that the effect of amount of water application irrigation regime on plant height stem diameter number ofcapsules per plant capsule length number of seeds per capsule shoot dry weight seed yield harvest index oil andprotein yield and concentration of P in shoots and roots was significant P 0 01 The effect of mycorrhizaapplication on seed yield and oil yield P 0 05 and WUEag and concentration of P in shoots and roots P 0 01 was significant The maximum seed yield 2858 05 kg ha and oil yield 1698 94 kg ha of sesame was achieved inirrigation regime of 120 water requirement and mycorrhiza inoculation and in irrigation regime of 100 waterrequirement and mycorrhiza inoculation respectively The minimum seed yield 1460 2 kg ha and oil yield 774kg ha were achieved in irrigation regime of 60 and non inoculated The effect of irrigation regime on WUEag ofseed yield was not significant because results revealed significant linear relationship between amount of irrigationwater and seed yield But the effect of mycorrhiza fungi on WUEag of seed yield was significant P 0 01 Thehighest WUEag of seed yield 0 74 kg m3 was belonged to irrigation regime of 80 water requirement andmycorrhiza inoculation and the lowest WUEag of seed yield 0 53 kg m3 was belonged to irrigation regime of 60 and non inoculated The effect of irrigation regime and mycorrhiza fungi on WUEag of oil yield were significant The highest WUEag of oil yield 0 43 kg m3 was belonged to irrigation regime of 100 water requirement andmycorrhiza inoculation and the lowest WUEag of oil yield 0 28 kg m3 was belonged to irrigation regime of 60 and non inoculated According to economic analysis the highest economic profit was recorded for the treatment of80 and mycorrhiza inoculation and 100 and mycorrhiza inoculation of seed yield and oil yield respectively Theresults showed that deficit irrigation reduced sesame yield and inoculation of the plants with mycorrhiza improvedthe performance of sesame under water stress through its positive effects on nutrient uptake In drought years it issuggested that tape irrigation method be used with mycorrhiza application in 80 water requirement to save waterconsumption Keywords Sesame Mycorrhiza Surface drip irrigation Water stress

احمدنژاد، عبداله

تاثير رژيم هاي آبياري و قارچ ميكوريزا بر عملكرد و اجزاي عملكرد كنجد

آبياري قطره اي- نواري سطحي , تنش آبي