كارايي انتخاب به كمك نشانگر در مقايسه با انتخاب فنوتيپي در برنامه اصلاحي تلاقي برگشتي در گلرنگ﴿ carthamus tinctorius L.﴾

چكيده انگليسي :

The Effeciency of Phenotypic Versus Marker Assisted Selection MAS in Backcross Breeding Programs in Safflower Carthamus tinctorius L Sayed Mohammad Mehdi Khodaee sm khodaee@ag iut ac ir Submitted on February 27 2012 Department of Plant Breeding Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 83111 Iran Degree M Sc Language Persian Supervisor A Mirlohi mirlohi@cc iut ac irAbstract Cultivation of safflower Carthamus tinctorius L especially in summer has a crucial importance inarid and semi arid region in Iran This is because of safflower high genetic diversity in this area highessential unsaturated Linoleic fatty acid 78 edible oil quality comparative to olive oil medical usage drought tolerance and high adoption In other hand elements such as wilting and dumping off disease andsafflower fly have the huge impact on the safflower yield reduction in the world This make biotic stresstolerance the most important breeding goal in safflower The lack of tolerant genes among the cultivatedgenotpes and the close relation of wild species Carthamus oxyacanthus with cultivated safflower makesgene integration the appropriate path to transfer desire genes such as biotic stress tolerance AlthoughLinkage Drag Effect is a restriction of such crosses nowadays the use of molecular markers to select thebackground genome of the recurrent parent could help resolve this problem In this research twobackcross populations BC1F1 with more than 250 plants in each population was developed frominterspecific hybridization between safflower and its wild relative C oxyacanthus during 18 months ofseveral continuous cultivations One of thepopulation which was the resulte of hybridization between thedomesticated parent C111 an Iranian cultivar and the wild parent Isf1 one of the most important annualweeds in the west of Iran was used for further investigation In this population 196 plants and the twoparental genotypes were evaluated using 23 agronomic traits 21 SRAP molecular markers and 6phenotypic markers to determine the efficiency of Marker Assisted Background selection MAB versusphenotypic selection Investigations using agronomic traits indicated that there was an spectrum ofindividuals with diversity resembling both parental plants In addition 5 significant PC calculated byprincipal component analysis showed complex relations between traits which could entirely separate wildparent from the rest of population Obviously this situation could be caused by the nature of agronomictraits which diffrentiats the wild genotype from cultivated one efficiently Also cluster analysis couldseparate this population into several groups with different distance relatively closer to domesticatedparent The SRAP evaluations conducted by 8 primer compositions with maximum PIC for M2 E6 41 and minimum PIC for M2 E5 31 showed linkage between markers This linkage did not prevent thesemarkers to differentiate between parental groups resulted by cluster Analysis In other hand phenotypicmarkers were not as usefule because of high linkage between markers which was revealed by thePrincipal Component Analysis and Factor Analysis results Although SRAP markers could notdifferentiate the population in the same way as agronomic traits did the relationships between these twokinds of characteristics can not be disregarded Some of the most important traits which showedsignificant relation with most SRAP markers were fertile capitula per total capitula ratio capituladiameter capitula height diameter per height ratio of capitula and capitula weight In other hand traitswhich showed significant relations with most phenotypic markers were last fertile hand height andharvest index Stepwise regression was conducted to indicate the most important yield componentsinvolving in plant yield in this research Results showed a model 95 3 consist of number of fertilecapitula 90 5 number of seeds per capitula 3 1 capitula height 1 5 diameter per height ratio ofcapitula 0 1 and capitula diameter 0 1 Also Path Anal

خدايي، محمدمهدي

كارايي انتخاب به كمك نشانگر در مقايسه با انتخاب فنوتيپي در برنامه اصلاحي تلاقي برگشتي در گلرنگ﴿ carthamus tinctorius L.﴾

گلرنگ زراعي , گلرنگ وحشي , تلاقي بين گونه اي , انتخاب زمينه به كمك نشانگر , SRAp