بررسي تحمل ژنوتيپ هاي كنجد ﴿Sesamum indicum﴾ به انگل گل جاليز ﴿Orobanche aegyptiaca﴾

چكيده انگليسي :

116Investigation of Tolerance of Sesame Genotypes Orobanche Aegyptiaca Mina Teimouri Jervekani m teimoury83@yahoo com September 18 2012 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding College of Agriculture Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan Iran 84156 83111Degree M Sc Language PersianSupervisor Hassan Karimmojeni kmojeni@cc iut ac irAbstract Orobanche aegyptiaca parasitize field pasture vegetable and many other plants by depleting theirnutrients and water O aegyptiaca has special biological characteristics makk it difficult to control it in thaagricultural systems Sesame Sesamum indicum is an important oilseed crop in semi arid areas such as Isfahan Iran where O aegyptiaca is one of its most common weeds This research was conducted to determine theresponses of various sesame genotype and O aegyptiaca when planted together Seeds of 11 Iranian sesamegenotypes Ardestan Esfarayen Oltan Ahvaz Borazjan Darab 14 Ferdous Kalat Naz Tak Shakhe Varaminand Yekta and 10 foreign genotypes S16 S21 S23 S25 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 and S9 were planted with theOrobanche seeds in pot At flowering stage of sesame tubercle number and dry weight shoot number and dryweight and shoot height of O aegyptiaca were determine Leaf number plant height and dry weight capsulnumber seed number in capsul 100 seeds weight seed yield and root dry weight of sesame were determined atthe physiology maturity stages The results showed that various genotype responded differently to O aegyptiaca When planted with S9 genotype O aegyptiaca produced the highest number of tubercles on the sesame rootand the minimum shoot number suggests that this genotype could be used as both a trap crop and an O aegyptiaca resistant genotype O aegyptiaca produced the lowest tubercles and shoot number per pot whenplanted with the S7 genotype this genotype could be planted as an O aegyptiaca resistant genotypes TheArdestan Varamin and Ahvaz genotypes produced the highest yield suggesting that these genotype could betolerant to this weed The results also showed that the activities of the antioxidant enzymes were differentamong the genotypes and suggesting that O aegyptiaca infestation could stimulate plants antioxidant defensesystems The activities of catalaz ascorbat peroxidase gelotation peroxidase in the roots of Yekta Varamin S16 S25 Ardestan Naz tak shakhe Esfarayen Ahvaz S23 Darab14 and Ferdos were determind in order toexamin possible relashion between the activities of these enzymes and visual score of leaf damage Yekta Varamin S16 and S25 produced the highest level of ascorbate peroxidase Varamin and Yekta genotype alsoproduced maximum leaf number and height Ardestan Darab 14 and S16 genotypes produced the highest levelof glutathione peroxidase and Ardestan and Esfarayen genotypes produced the highest level of catalase activityand Ardestan genotype also produced highest yield The results suggested that the activities of enzayme couldbe used for selecting tolerant cultivars of sesame to orobanche however mechanism of the tolerant maybedifferent among the genotypes Result of cluster analysis confirm that Iranian had different response toO aegyptiaca infestation from those of foreign sesame genotypes and they classified into 4 groups Accordingto results of this experiment all sesame genotypes as a trap crop or host plant with the root exudates could becaused germination of O aegyptiaca Some of the sesame genotypes enhanced germination seedlingestablishment and development of O aegyptiaca so based on the results of this research sesame can beconsidered as a host plant for the O aegyptiaca Key words Orobanche aegyptiaca Sesame genotypes Host plant Trap crop Antioxidant Enzyme

تيموري جروكاني، مينا

بررسي تحمل ژنوتيپ هاي كنجد ﴿Sesamum indicum﴾ به انگل گل جاليز ﴿Orobanche aegyptiaca﴾

گياه ميزبان , گياه تله , آنزيم اكسيدانت