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چكيده انگليسي :

Enhancement of Biogas Production form Whole Wheat Plant WWP using Chemical Pretreatment Mohsen Taherdanak m taherdanak@ce iut ac ir September 18 2012 Department of Chemical Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 83111 Iran Degree M Sc Language Persian Supervisor Hamid Zilouei hzilouei@cc iut ac ir Abstract The global energy demand keeps rising at a dramatic speed since the beginning of the industrial revolution in the late 18th century In contrast easy accessible fossil fuel reservoirs are rapidly decreasing which leads to increasing the energy prices Therefore one of the major challenges for industrialized countries is to ensure the energy supply for the future Combustion of fossil energy carriers like petrol natural gas and coal leads to the release of CO2 cause environmental problems which are projected to manifest in problematic climate changes Biological conversion of biomass energy crops agricultural wastes and various organic wastes such as organic fraction of the municipal solid waste OFMSW has a great potential for continuous production of renewable energy Biogas is a potentially important energy source that can be used for the production of heat electricity and fuel It can be produced at wastewater treatment plants landfills food and other industrial operations throughout the world There is a great potential in agricultural operations where animal wastes often land applied or otherwise disposed without any conversion to energy In this study the biomethane potential BMP of whole wheat plant WWP as an agricultural waste was investigated in batch fermentation reactors during the anaerobic digestion AD process working at mesophilic temperature Two different pretreatment methods using sodium hydroxide as well as sulfuric acid were investigated to improve the BMP of WWP Different temperatures of pretreatment 0 25 50 75 and 100 C were used for the alkaline pretreatment using NaOH 8 w w during 60 min Also the acidic pretreatment using H2SO4 1 v v was performed at 121 C for different time duration of 10 30 60 and 120 min Clear positive effects of the pretreatments on the yield of methane production were observed The best improvement was achieved when 8 NaOH for 60 min at 75 C was used for the pretreatment which resulted in 54 5 improvement in the yield of methane production In addition treatment with 1 sulfuric acid for 120 min at 120 C resulted in 15 5 improvement in the methane production yield compared to that of the untreated material Furthermore the BMP of untreated starch and cellulose was compared with that of untreated WWP in batch fermentation reactors under the same conditions The NREL test was applied to evaluate the effect of different pretreatments on the composition of WWP The highest content of glucose of total solids TS were measured after pretreatments with NaOH at 75 C and 25 C counting up to 63 and 57 respectively In order to qualitatively investigate the effect of pretreatment on the structure and surface properties of WWP fourier transform infrared spectroscopy FTIR and scanning electron microscopy SEM were applied for the best results of each pretreatment and also untreated WWP The results showed that the NaOH pretreatment have a greater effect on improving the BMP of whole wheat plant in contrast to dilute sulfuric acid pretreatment and also it was observed that the WWP could be efficiently converted to methane under the AD process at mesophilic temperature in batch fermentation reactors Keywords Biomethane potential anaerobic digestion biogas biomass whole wheat plant alkaline pretreatment acidic pretreatment

طاهردناك، محسن

بهبود راندمان توليد بيوگاز از گندم با استفاده از پيش فرآوري شيميايي

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