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130 Active Power Energy Pricing by means of Locational Marginal Pricing Sajjad Makhdoomi Kaviri s makhdoomikaviri@ec iut ac ir Date of Submission 2013 24 1 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 83111 Iran Degree M Sc Language FarsiSupervisor Gholamreza Yousefi yousefi@cc iut ac irAbstract Electrical industry restructuring has been affected various issues such as the operation and planning ofthe electric power industry and the new issues has been born in this environment In this competitiveenvironment that is associated with the energy markets formation one of the most important issues thatplays a key role in the planning of generation operating system and consumers is the electricity pricing Various methods are used to determine the energy price in the electricity market that the justice and socialwelfare increasing is the main purpose in all of them The Locational marginal pricing LMP method is oneof the most important methods that are used in electricity markets recently Unlike the other methods ofpricing in this method the energy price at each bus is determined due to the limitations of power system which can guaranty the justice of electricity markets Various methods are used to calculate the LMPs inelectricity markets which all of them are based on the optimal load flow OPF algorithms DCOPF andACOPF The dc optimal power flow DCOPF model has been applied in the power industry to calculatelocational marginal prices LMPs especially in market simulation and planning owing to its robustnessand speed Because of the lack of optimal loss distribution in this method the prices that are calculatedwith DCOPF model are less accurate in comparison with ACOPF model One of the most common methodsused in this field is the use of different algorithms such as pro rata loss formula delivery factor andfictional nodal demand methods to consider the losses and allocate them in DCOPF model One of themajor weaknesses of these methods is ignoring the real condition of power systems and there busesposition which is why these methods cannot be so useful to reduce the DCOPF model errors In this thesisfor the first time the power tracing methods have been used to improve the losses distribution in DCOPFalgorithm This method is proposed to eliminate the large mismatch at the reference bus Therefore basedon the proposed algorithm in this thesis at each step the DCOPF algorithm runs and then based on theresults of this algorithm the losses of power system are calculated and allocated to system buses based onthe proposed allocation algorithms and then the DCOPF algorithm runs again This process will berepeated until the losses differences of two steps become very small Finally based on the calculated resultsand conventional algorithms the locational marginal prices are calculated at each bus The proposedalgorithm is compared with ACOPF algorithm for accuracy of LMP results at various load levels using theIEEE 30 buses system It is clearly shown that the proposed algorithm is a good estimate of the LMPcalculated from the ACOPF algorithm and outperforms the lossless DCOPF algorithm Keywords Restructuring Locational Marginal Price Loss Allocation Power Tracing

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