بررسي خصوصيات مورفولوژيك و بيوشيميايي مرتبط با تحمل به خشكي در گونه وحشي و اهلي گلرنگ

چكيده انگليسي :

Evaluation of morphological and biochemical traits related to drought tolerance in wild and cultivated safflower species Maryam sadat Abtahi ms abtahi@ ag iut ac ir Date of submission 19 January 2013 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 83111 Iran Degree M Sc Language Farsi 1 Supervisor M R Sabzalian sabzalian@cc iut ac Ir 2 Supervisor G Saeidi Saeidi @ cc iut ac Ir Abstract Drought is a severe environmental constraint to growth and production of crop plants world wide Wild species of cultivated plants carry useful genes which can be used for breeding programs To evaluate drought tolerance and especially traits related to root in cultivated and wild safflower genotypes this experiment was conducted in two years and the experimental design was split plot arrangement in RCBD with 3 replications The levels of irrigation that were considered as the main factor consisted of normal condition that was based on the depletion of 60 of soil moisture content and moderat stress with 75 and severe stress with 50 of water requierments for normal condition In the first year genotypes as a subsidiary factor were consisted of Kashan C4110 Azari Kermanshah and the genotype derived from inter specific cross and in second year the p6 genotype from palaestinus spicies was added Phenologic and agronomic traits charestricteristics of aerial plant parts and root seed yield and yield compenent and proline content in two years membrane stability index MSI and phenol content in the first year and relative water content activity of antioxidant enzymes in second year were measured There was a considerable variation among wild and cultivated genotypes and the genotype getting of cross in normal and stress conditions for all studied traits Cultivated genotypes passed phonologic stages earlier than wild genotypes Wild genotypes of oxyacanthus species had significantly higher number of head per plant than other species In the first and second year moisture stress had a significant effect on seed yield Kashan and Kermanshah genotypes had minimum percentage of reduction of seed yield in stress condition in the first and second year respectively Drought stress had not significant effect on root length however increasing water stress level caused increase in the length of root that the most presentage of its increase belonged to cultivated genotypes in two years Drought stress caused significant increase in proline content so that in the first year oxyacanthus species had more proline than tinctorius and the most percentage of increase in second year was related to p6 genotype Activity of antioxidant enzymes was increased significantly with increasing water stress levels In severe stress condition the activity of peroxidase and ascorbat peroxidase enzymes were increased in oxyacanthus spcies and p6 genotype C palaestinus more than other genotypes respectively Genotype from cultivated species and Kermanshah genotype had the maximum increase of catalas enzyme activity The most pecentage of phenol content was showed in kashan genotype Relative water cotent deacreased in stress condition and the least percentage of reduction was revealed in genotype getting of specific cross On the other hand MSI was increased in this genotype in severe stress This genotype hasbeen drived from a cross between wild genotype of Isfahan and genotype C4110 from cultivated species and had the most persent of increase in proline content in severe water stress In the first and second year under moderate water stress Mean productivity MP was superior index for identification tolerant genotypes In severe water stress selection based on geometric mean productivity GMP and stress tolerance index STI corresponded to diserable seed yield and low sensitivity to water stress In the first year in mild water stress based on MP index kashan genotype and the genotype derived from cross had the most tolerance and C4110 genotype was introduced as the

ابطحي، مريم السادات

بررسي خصوصيات مورفولوژيك و بيوشيميايي مرتبط با تحمل به خشكي در گونه وحشي و اهلي گلرنگ

تنش خشكي , سيستم ريشه , صفات فيزيولوژيك , شاخص نحمل به خشكي