بررسي تركيبات شيميايي، گوارش پذيري ارزش غذايي محصول فرعي پسته خشك و سيلو شده در تغذيه نشخواركنندگان

چكيده انگليسي :

Abstract De hulling of pistachio soon after harvest produces large amounts of Pistachio by product PBP Storage of this by product is difficult due to its high moisture content Three experiments were conducted to determine the possibility of ensiling PBP nutritive value and its potential as a feed ingredient for Holstein male calves In the first experiment chemical composition more specific physical and chemical characteristics in vitro digestibility ruminal and post ruminal disappearance of nutrients and contamination with B and G aflatoxin were compared between PBP and Pistachio by product silage PBPS There was no difference between CP EE ADFom buffering capacity hydrolysable tannins condensed tannins and total tannins non protein nitrogen NPN acid detergent insoluble nitrogen ADIN ruminal and total gastrointestinal tract disappearance of dry matter and CP in vitro digestibility of dry matter and aflatoxin poison of B and G The PBPS was lower in NDFom water soluble carbohydrates WSC pH and insoluble protein The post ruminal disappearance of DM and CP and higher in total phenolic compounds and soluble protein than sundried PBP In the second experiment PBP was ensiled without additive Control or with the additives beet sugar molasses of DM bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum g Kg fresh PBP and enzymes multi enzyme g kg fresh PBP in either for or months in a random design using a factorial procedure The addition of molasses to PBP decreased seeping and pH more than other additives P The lactic acid in the enzymatic treatment were lower than the control silage but there was no difference in NH N acetic acid propionic acid and total volatile fatty acids VFA between treatments however silages stored for month had a lower pH and were higher in acetic acid butyric acid and total VFA compared to silages stored for months The CP and NDFom in the molasses treatment were higher than other treatments and the total amount of tannins in the silage containing additives was lower than the control silage P The aerobic stability in PBPS was very desirable and was not affected by any of the additives PBPS had a lower water holding capacity WHC than the corn silage P Two month silages had higher buffering capacity than the silages of one month P The amount of PBPS gas production was significantly lower with the enzymatic additive than with the molasses and bacterial additives P Adding poly ethylene glycol PEG increased gas production of PBPS in all treatments P In the third experiment the effects of experimental diets containing and PBPS DM basis on health growth performance nutrient digestibility ruminal fermentation parameters microbial protein synthesis MPS blood metabolites physical and chemical properties of urine and chewing activity of calves were investigated Twenty four Holstein male calves months of age and kg body weight BW were randomly assigned to one of four experimental diets n for six months All the calves were healthy at the end of experiment and no clinical symptoms of disease were found during of experiment Throughout entire experiment the final BW average daily gain ADG dry matter intake DMI and feed conversion ratio FCR was not adversely affected by the different levels of PBPS up to of the diet Increasing levels of PBPS linearly decreased P digestibility of CP NDFom and ADFom of the diets and increased rumination time Increasing the levels of PBPS to and in diets significantly decreased NH N total VFA and MPS P The substitution of different levels of PBPS of DM over a long period did not affect the concentration of blood metabolites hepatica enzymes hematology parameters urine parameters and all remained within the normal range for calves It can be concluded that PBP could be a silage and under our experimental conditions PBPS can be substituted with corn silage up to in fattening calves without adverse effect on their performance kidneys function blood metabolites and hepatica enzymes Key words Pistachio by products silage f

شاكري، پيروز

بررسي تركيبات شيميايي، گوارش پذيري ارزش غذايي محصول فرعي پسته خشك و سيلو شده در تغذيه نشخواركنندگان

سيلاژ , گوساله پرواري , عملكرد , متابوليت هاي خون و پروتئين ميكروبي