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چكيده انگليسي :

61 Evaluation of Quince Pear and Crataegus Rootstock Tolerance to Fe deficiency Stress in Soilless Culture Simin Mohammadi Janbazlo maysa janbaz@ yahoo com Date of submission 12 August 2013 Department of of Horticultural Sciences Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 83111 Iran Degree M Sc Language Farsi1 Supervisor Assoc Prof B Baninasab bbanin@cc iut ac ir AbstractIron Fe is one of the most important element in mineral nutrition of higher plants High concentration ofbicarbonate HCO 3 in the soil solution is acknowledged as the major factor inducing Fe deficiency in plantsgrown in calcareous soils The presence of high levels of bicarbonate buffers the circulating soil solution topH values ranging between 7 5 and 8 5 drastically reducing Fe solubility and availability Under theseconditions fruit yield and fruit quality of tree is depressed Many fruit trees cultivated on calcareous andalkaline soils develop symptoms of iron deficiency and it is now well accepted that their susceptibility alsodepends on the rootstock genotype Quince is the most used rootstock for pear Iron chlorosis is an importantproblem in quince tree but differences exist between quince rootstocks in their tolerance to Fe chlorosis incalcareous soils So tolerance to Fe deficiency of seedling rootstocks of quince pear crataeguce and quinceA clonal rootstock were evaluated by exposure to two levels of Fe 3 and 50 M in the presence or absenceof bicarbonate 10 mM in soilless culture in greenhouse condition This experiment was designed as afactorial in completely randomized design with four replications and two plants per each replication Plantheight leaf area leaf number chorophyll index chlorophyll fluorescence leaf iron content root iron contentand antioxidant enzymes activity including catalase guaiacol peroxidase ascorbate peroxidase superoxidedismutase were measured at the end of the experiment Result of analysis of variance showed that effect ofrootstock treatment and interaction of rootstock and treatment for all studied traits was significant except forleaf number and chlorophyll fluorescence Result of this experimeant showed that studied traits significantlyreduced in 3 M treatment relative to 50 M treatment According to result of this study different rootstockshad various responses to iron deficiency stress In iron deficiency stress condition low iron or presence ofbicarbonate in nutrition solution pear and crataeguce rootstocks showed the lowest severity of chlorosissymptom among the studied rootstocks and had the highest height leaf area leaf number chorophyll index chlorophyll fluorescence and leaf and root iron concentration Activity of catalase guaiacol peroxidase andsuperoxide dismutase enzymes in these two Fe efficient rootstocks was less effected by Fe defieicnytreatmeants In contrast seedling rootstock of quince showed the highest severity of chlorosis lowestchorophyll index of leaf along with the greatest decrease in activity of guaiacol peroxidase 74 2 andascorbate peroxidase 52 3 Also in this rootstock other studied traits was more decreased relative to pear crataeguce and quince A rootstocks by Fe defieicny stress treatmeants compar with control condition Quince A rootstock have better performance than seedling rootstocks of quince under Fe deficiencyconditions In spite of sufficient Fe level in the media 50 M seedling rootstocks exposed to bicarbonateshowed Fe deficiency symptoms and among the rootstocks seedling rootstock of quince was more effected Based on the results it was found out that rootstocks of pear and crataeguce were more tolerance to Fedeficiency seedling rootstock of quince was more susceptible to iron chlorosis and quince A rootstock wasintermediate Key Words Fe deficiency Quince Pear Crataeguce Bicarbonat

محمدي جانبازلو، سيمين

بررسي تحمل پايه هاي به، گلابي و زالزالك به كمبود آهن در كشت بدون خاك

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