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147 Bioenergy Production from Castor and Eruca Sativa Plants Hamed Bateni h bateni@ce iut ac ir September Department of Chemical Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan Iran Degree M Sc Language Farsi Supervisor Keikhosro Karimi karimi@cc iut ac ir Akram Zamani zamani akram@cc iut ac ir Abstract Increasing concerns regarding depletion of crude oil sources fluctuation in oil price and petroleum products greenhouse gas emissions and increasing of energy demands in the world have prompted considerable researches for finding alternative fuel sources where biofuels have special importance Biorefining of various biomasses towards multiple bioproducts is a promising route for production of biofuels In this research Castor plant and Eruca Sativa were used as biorefining feedstocks for biodiesel biogas and ethanol production The free fatty acid FFA contents of extracted Castor and Eruca Sativa oil were measured before biodiesel production Since castor oil contained a low of level of FFA it was directly subjected to alkaline transesterification process On the other hand the high FFA Eruca Sativa oil was subjected to a two step process In the first step acid catalyzed esterification was applied to decrease the FFA content from to lower than In the next step alkaline transesterification was performed on the pretreated oil Effective parameters on the yield of transesterification process were investigated and optimal conditions were determined Finally the physical properties of the obtained biodiesels were measured The maximum yield of castor biodiesel obtained at C methanol to oil mass ratio of and min was On the other hand biodiesel production from pretreated Etuca Sativa using methanol to oil mass ratio of at C and for the same reaction time resulted in the maximum production yield of The castor plant wastes stem leaves and seeds cake and also Eruca Sativa wastes straw and seeds cake were used for biogas and ethanol production The effects of alkaline pretreatment using w v NaOH at two different temperatures and C and for two various reaction times and min on biogas and ethanol production were evaluated In the case of methane production from castor plant wastes pretreatment at C for min increased the methane production from castor stem up to mL g VS while the pretreatment had a negative effect on methane production from castor seeds cake and leaves where the untreated substrates produced higher amount of methane and mL g VS respectively The pretreatment at C for min ended with the best results in enzymatic hydrolysis and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation SSF for all substrates The best hydrolysis yields of castor stem seeds cake and leaves were and respectively Moreover the best yields of SSF were and respectively In the case of methane production from Eruca Sativa plant wastes alkaline pretreatment at C for min improved methane production from the straw while pretreatment at C for min was more effective for the seeds cake The methane production from the pretreated straw and seeds cake were and mL g VS The pretreatment at C for min resulted in the best results for both enzymatic hydrolysis and SSF of Eruca Sativa wastes The hydrolysis yields of pretreated straw and seeds cake were and respectively while the yields of ethanol production were and respectively Keywords Biorefining Biodiesel Biogas Ethanol Castor plant Eruca Sativa plant PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www pdffactory com

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توليد بيوانرژي از گياه كرچك و منداب

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