اثر تغذيه سيليسيم بر كاهش خسارت گل جاليز (phelipanche spp﴾ در گوجه فرنگي (.Solanum lycopersicum L

چكيده انگليسي :

75 Effect of Silicon Nutrition on Phelipanche spp Damage in Tomato Lycopersicum esculentum Sima javadi moghadam simajavadimoghadam@yahoo com December 18 2013 Department of Agronomy and Plant BreedingCollege of Agriculture Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan Iran 84156 83111Degree M Sc Language PersianSupervisor Hassan Karimmojeni kmojeni@cc iut ac irMohammadhosein Ehtemam hehtemam@cc iut ac irAbstract Broomrape Phelipanche spp is the most important root parasitic weed in farm lands Broomrape isfound mainly in the Mediterranean region South East Europe Middle East West Asia and North Africa Due to close physiological relationship with its host and disruption the activities of metabolic of plants itreduces both production and quality of plants Various methods are considered for the management ofbroomrape but none of these methods are effective to control this weed Fertilizer and soil fertilitymanagement can be effective in reducing the damage caused by broomrape Silicon Si is the secondmost abundant element after oxygen in the soil Approximately 31 of the Earth s crust occupied by thiselement Although silicon as an essential element in plants has not been considered reports suggested itsbeneficial effects on plant growth Therefore a study was conducted to investigate the effect of silicon onthe tomato growth and its resistance to broomrape Seeds of susceptible and resistance cultivars of tomatowere planted in pots in a bed of sand and perlite Silicon treatment was applied at three levels includingzero 1and 1 7 milimolar Results showed that in terms of broomrape infection of tomato the level 1 7milimolar of silicon increased the number of days until the first appearance of broomrape The minimumnumber of tubercle height and number of stems of broomrape also obtained from the level 1 7 milimolarof silicon Lowest level of shoot and root dry weights of broomrape were associated with 1 7 milimolarsilicon Consumption of silicon was not effective in increasing the height of the tomato plants butbetween susceptible and resistant cultivars of tomato to broomrape maximum height associated with thelevel of 1 milimolar silicon Silicon consumption did not affect the chlorophyll content and dry weight oftomato Silicon at 1 7 milimolar increased tomato leaf area compared with other levels of silicon Butincreases consumption of silicon had not a positive effect on root dry weight of tomato The use of siliconhad no effect on activity of tomato antioxidant enzymes In this study according to the effect of silicon onthe morphological characteristics of broomrape and tomato plants the positive role of silicon is morenoticible on the characteristics of broomrape One reason maybe that the tomato is silicon absorptionrejective So tomato not able to absorb high levels of silicon and much of silicon remains at the rootsurface On the other hand it might be that increasing of silicon caused resistance to broomrape due to thecreation of physical barriers in the tomato root and limited penetration of tubercles of broomrape into thehost tissue Key words Phelipanche spp tomato silicon oxydative stress

جوادي مقدم، سيما

اثر تغذيه سيليسيم بر كاهش خسارت گل جاليز (phelipanche spp﴾ در گوجه فرنگي (.Solanum lycopersicum L

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