بررسي سيستم زادآوري و تلاقي هاي بين و درون گونه اي در چهار گونه نعناع ايراني(Mentha spp)

چكيده انگليسي :

63 Evaluation of Breeding System and Inter and Intra specific Crosses in Four Persian Mint Species Mentha spp Ayoub maleki ayoub maleki@ag iut ac ir December 25 2013 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 83111 IranDegree M Sc Language FarsiSupervisor M R Sabzalian Assist Prof sabzalian@cc iut ac ir A Mirlohi Prof mirlohi@cc iut ac irAbstractLamiaceae family is one of the largest plant families Species of this family possess medicinal properties Mentha is one of the most important genus of this family which has a wide geographical distribution andconsiderable commercial importance The genus includes many species and their hybrids This study wascarried out on 13 mint genotypes clones including 3 genotypes of M spicata 6 genotypes of M piperita 3 genotypes of M longifolia and 1 genotype of M aquatic They were evaluated in arandomized complete block design with three replications in the research field at Isfahan University ofTechnology during 2012 2013 The first experiment was conducted to study vegetative characteristics andreproductive systems of mint species The second trial was done in order to estimate seeds germinationpercentage resulting from self pollination and open pollination based on a completely randomized designwith three replications In the third experiment inter and intra specific crosses were performed based oninformation resulting from the first experiment The number and percentage of fertile pollen grains ineach anther was measured by acetocarmine staining method Results of analysis of variance showedstatistically significant variation for all the studied traits Genotypes of M longifolia and M aquatica andone genotype of M spicata possessed perfect flowers Also two genotypes of M spicata had femaleflowers and all genotypes of M piperita were female and sterile The highest value of pollen per antherbelonged to Lorestan mint genotypes of M spicata 344 Percentage of viable pollen varied from 51 5 in Lorestan mint genotype from M spicata to 67 7 in Esfahan genotype from M longifolia The highestand least values of spike length and the number of florets per spike belonged to Hamadan genotype fromM longifolia 12 6 1617 and Abbas Abad genotype from M aquatica 2 7 90 respectively Thenumber of self pollinated seeds in each main spike differd from zero in genotypes of M piperita to 379seeds in Karaj genotype from M longifolia Also the number of seeds produced due to open pollinationin each main spike varied from zero in genotypes of M piperita to 882 seeds in Karaj genotype from M longifolia Therefore Karaj genotype had the most number of seeds resulting from self pollination andopen pollination among studied genotypes All genotypes of M piperita were completely strile andunable to produce seeds Results showed that the cross fertilization rate was between 30 to 100 acording to the flower type in different genotypes The value of 1000 seed weight among the genotypesvarried from 0 058 to 0 095 g Cluster analysis based on morphophenological traits grouped thegenotypes into 2 clusters separating those having complete and incomplete female flowers The highestpercentage of seed germination in seeds originated from self pollination and open pollination were 74 7 and 78 respectively With regard to the possibility of setting more than one seed per floret seed 4 there was a range of hybrid seeds per spike 20 florets from zero to 100 percent The results of this studyindicate the possibility of producing hybrid seeds from crosses between and within species of mint whichcan be a source of new genetic variation for improving mint Keywords cross genotype mint open pollination pollen seed germination self pollination

مالكي، ايوب

بررسي سيستم زادآوري و تلاقي هاي بين و درون گونه اي در چهار گونه نعناع ايراني(Mentha spp)

ژنوتيپ , دانه گرده , خودگرده افشاني , آزاد گرده افشاني , جوانه زني