كمپوست كردن بقاياي درختان كاج، توت و نارون در شرايط كنترل شده راكتور آزمايشگاهي در مقايسه با روش سنتي جعبه

چكيده انگليسي :

87 Composting of Pine Mulberry and Elm Trees Residues in Controlled Conditions of A Laboratory Scale Reactor Against A Conventional Box Method Somayyeh Rahimi Somayyeh rahimi69@gmail com December 22 2015 Department of Soil science College of Agriculture Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 83111 IranDegree M Sc Language FarsiSupervisor H Shariatmadari shariat@cc iut ac irAbstractComposting is one of the oldest methods of recycling of plant residues and organic wastes Compost is anenvironmentally safe and stable soil amendment produced from microbial decomposition of different de gradable organic residues with a brown color and a soil odor Compost is one of the most stable organicsources which is in long term increases the soil organic carbon In addition to containing the essentialnutrients for plant growth and developments this organic amendment has a high water capacity that in creases the available water for plants in soil In this research the effects of particle size and types of plantresidues on chemical and biological properties of compost in two production methods were studied Theexperimental composts were produced using a conventional box method as well as a laboratory scale re actor The conventional box method is an aerobic compost production method applying manual aeration while reactor is a relatively new and more expensive tool that manages the compost temperature with selfheating by the means of heat insulation and also the compost aeration using an automatic electrical aircompressor In this work the effects of three types of plant residues as pine mulberry and elm with twoparticle sizes as smaller than 1cm and 1 2cm mixed with relatively fresh cow manure on the producedcompost quality were studied The study was carried out in a Factorial completely randomized designwith repeated observations over time with 12 treatments and three replications The treatments were threeplant residues as pine mulberry and elm two groups of particle size as smaller than 1cm and 1 2cm andthe compost production methods as reactor and conventional box The above mentioned treatments wereprepared and incubated for 90 days for compost production During the incubation period the reactorswere automatically aerated for 15 minutes a day using an electrical air compressor Also sampling mix ing and wetting of different treatments were carried out every 10 days manually The samples were thendried at 60 70 C in an electrical oven powdered and analyzed for some chemical and biological propertiesas pH EC organic carbon nitrogen carbon to nitrogen ratio phosphorus potassium iron zinc and lig nin contents Seed germination test was also carried out in final composts of different treatments Statisti cal analysis performed using SAS and Mstatc softwares and comparison of means using the least signifi cant difference LSD at 5 probability The results indicated that composts produced in reactor general ly showed better chemical and biological properties than the conventional box composts The pine resi dues showed a better decomposition than the other residues during the incubation period All compoststurned to a brownish color with a soil odor showing a relatively good maturity at the end of incubationperiod The rate of seed germination was higher for composts produced in reactor as compared with thecomposts produced in the boxes It was also higher in pine residues composts than the other two residuescomposts The particle size did not induce any significant difference in composts chemical propertiesexcept for potassium and phosphorus contents The pH EC carbon nitrogen phosphorus and potassiumcontents and carbon to nitrogen ratio of the produced composts matched the related international and Iranstandards so the produced composts could be classified as good quality products while the iron and zincconcentrations were somehow lower than the standards that may need enrichment In conclusion the re sults showed that the reactor method after some required

رحيمي، سميه

كمپوست كردن بقاياي درختان كاج، توت و نارون در شرايط كنترل شده راكتور آزمايشگاهي در مقايسه با روش سنتي جعبه

روش هاي توليد كمپوست , كود آلي , تست رويش بذر , اصلاح كننده هاي خاك , پسماندهاي كشاورزي