بهبود توليد اتانول و بيوگاز از گياه گلرنگ با پيش فرآوري هاي سديم كربنات و گرمابي

چكيده انگليسي :

117 Sodium Carbonate and Hydrothermal Pretreatment for Improvement of Ethanol and Biogas Production from Safflower Straw Seyed Sajad Hashemi Sajjad hashemi@ce iut ac ir 6 January 2016 Department of Chemical Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 83111 IranDegree M Sc Language FarsiSupervisor Keikhosro Karimi karimi@cc iut ac irAbstractIn recent decades reduction of fossil fuel resources and increasing production of greenhouse gases due to theconsumption of these fuels has led to vast investigations in production of fuels using sustainable energyresources Production of biofuels from lignocellulosic materials leavings of agricultural wastes have arisen as analternative way of fossil fuel production In this research production of biogas and ethanol was carried out usingstraw of safflower plant as a lignocellulosic material In order to improve the yield of biogas and bioethanolproduction alkaline sodium carbonate and hydrothermal pretreatment was carried out on the safflower straw The pretreatments were carried out in 120 C 150 C and 180 C and in 1hr 2hr and 5hr respectively In alkalinepretreatment sodium carbonate concentration was 0 5 and 1 0 M After neutralization for the purpose of biogasproduction the resultant liquid was subjected to anaerobic digestion In order to determine the amount ofreleased sugar both the untreated sample and the resultant solid from pretreatment was hydrolyzed using themixture of Cellic CTec and Cellic Htec enzymes at cellulase loading of 10 and 20 FPU g substrate Forproduction of ethanol and biogas solid samples were subjected to simultaneous saccharification and fermentation SSF as well as anaerobic digestion Produced biogas and ethanol from the equal amount of substrate due to thementioned processes then were compared based on the heat value For cellulase loading of 10 FPU g substrate the maximum obtained yield of enzymatic hydrolysis for both the untreated samples and the hydrothermal andalkaline pretreatment samples was 14 7 78 2 and 88 7 respectively The best yield of methane productionfrom liquid fraction of hydrothermal pretreatment at 180 C and 5hr and alkaline pretreatment at 180 C 0 5Mand 5hr was 443 9 and 88 2 mL g VS respectively The maximum amount of produced methane from solidsamples which was resulted from hydrothermal and alkaline pretreatment was 191 4 and 132 7 mL g VSrespectively For untreated solid sample this value was 92 1 mL g VS While the yield of ethanol production foruntreated sample was just 9 9 this value reached to 60 3 and 58 1 for hydrothermal pretreatment at 180 Cand 5 h and alkaline pretreatment at 180 C 0 5 M and 5 h respectively The highest amount of producedequivalent energy from 1 ton of safflower straw in hydrothermal pretreatments at 120 C and 1 h andhydrothermal pretreatments at 120 C 0 5 M and 1 h was equal to 164 93 and 113 86 litre gasoline respectively The results of NREL showed that both the two pretreatment methods were led to increase in the amount of glucanin samples In high temperature major fraction of hemicellulose was eliminated Pretreatment processes were notso effective in lignin elimination In addition in hydrothermal pretreatment increase in temperature led tohemicellulose elimination and lignin increase By performing pretreatment process the amount of water swellingcapacity for all the samples increased For untreated sample the water swelling capacity was 3 5 g water g drysolid and reached to 8 5 g water g dry solid in the best case Keywords biofuel biogas Ethanol anaerobic digestion enzymatic hydrolysis sodium carbonate hydrothermal

هاشمي، سجاد

بهبود توليد اتانول و بيوگاز از گياه گلرنگ با پيش فرآوري هاي سديم كربنات و گرمابي

سوخت زيستي , هضم بي هوازي , قليايي و هيدروليز آنزيمي