كارايي زنبور .Trichogramma spp در كنترل بيولوژيك كرم گلوگاه انار Ectomyelois ceratoniae

چكيده انگليسي :

Performance of Trichogramma spp in the Biological Control of Carob Moth Ectomyelois Ceratoniae Hassan Mirhashemi h mirhashemi@ag iut ac ir January 15 2017 Department of Plant Protection Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 83111 IranDegree M Sc Language FarsiSupervisor N Poorjavad npoorjavad@cc iut ac irAbstractThe carob moth Ectomyelois ceratoniae Zell Lep Pyralidae is one of the most important factors inreducing the quantity and quality of the pomegranate in Iran Releasing Trichogramma wasps Trichogramma spp to parasite the eggs are a common method to control this pest In this researchperformance of these wasps in the biological control and damage reduction of carob moth were assessedin pomegranate orchard with a Trichogramma release program based on the plant protection organizationprotocol and orchards without this program in Isfahan Iran These orchards located in Najaf Abad Shahreza Kashan and Shahin shahr and they selected based on types of irrigation Flood and dripirrigation Orchards were sampled every two weeks during spring to autumn in 2015 and 2016 andparasitism percentage number of larvae in infected fruit and damaged fruits were determined Resultsshowed that parasitism percentage is very low but were significantly affected by season of wasp release location of orchard irrigation types and egg location on fruit So that the highest and lowest percentage ofegg parasitism were happening in September and July respectively and the highest and lowest average ofegg parasitism percentage was occurred in the orchards of Kashan 44 31 just in 2016 and orchards ofNajaf Abad 0 97 in 2016 respectively Parasitism was observed to be in this range for orchards ofShahin Shahr and Shahreza In most areas reduce amount infection in the end of season in orchards withTrichogramma release program were higher than orchards without this program But this reduction wasnot affected by release of Trichogramma but was due to better manage orchards with wasp releaseprogram than orchards without this program Parasitism percentage in orchards with flood irrigation weremore than in orchards with drip irrigation system But due to better management of orchards with dripirrigation system reduce amount infection and damage were higher in the orchards Field surveys andlaboratory experiments showed that carob moth oviposition and their egg parasitism were higher in crackof fruits than crown of fruits The factors contributing to the success of biological control such as qualityof released wasps based on biological control agents guideline and emergence of wasps in the orchard byusing egg s traps and control of tricocards in the orchard were determined The results showed that therates of wasp emergence were low in all of release program and the rates of wasp emergence weredecreased in duration of release program Also the emergence of released wasp was higher than inorchards with flood irrigation compared to orchards with drip irrigation system Host preference ofTrichogramma wasp in laboratory experiments showed that when wasps reared on the flour moth eggs they prefer flour moth eggs than the carob moth eggs but carob moth eggs were preferred by wasps thatreared on grain moth eggs Our results showed that Trichogramma realase program based on plantprotection organization protocol is not effective method in reduce damage of carob moth in pomegranateorchards of Isfahan Keywords Pomegranate Egg parasitoid Trichogrammatidae Pyralidae

ميرهاشمي، حسن

كارايي زنبور .Trichogramma spp در كنترل بيولوژيك كرم گلوگاه انار Ectomyelois ceratoniae

پارازيتوئيد تخم , Pyralidae , گياهان زراعي و گلخانه اي