Abstract Locational marginal pricing (LMP) calculation is an efficient method for optimizing distributed generation (DG) units. In this study, a stochastic method based on the information gap decision theory (IGDT) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is presented to calculate the LMPs of the DG units connected to the buses of the distribution network, which aims to simultaneously, increase the benefits of the owners of the DG units and reduce the network losses, in a reliable framework. Due to the uncertainty in the energy market price and its direct impact on the benefits of the DG units and network losses, the IGDT method is used to model the uncertainty in the energy prices. In fact, in this study, the IGDT method and PSO algorithm are combined so that the obtained answers are optimal and reliable. By using this method, the network operator can eva‎luate the nature of the risk-averse (RA) response, before applying each algorithm response, and in this way, find out the strength of the response. The model of this study is implemented on a modified 86-bus network system of Taiwan power company (TPC) and under the MATLAB software environment. The obtained results prove the method is useful in various aspects such as reducing the network losses and benefits of the DG units in distribution systems.

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