توصيفگر ها :
زئوليت , پساب , تصفيه , سنتز , جذب , يون فلزات سنگين , فنول , كلينوپتيلوليت
چكيده انگليسي :
Abstract
The environment is one of the factors affecting human health and the life of animals and plants and plays an important role. With the introduction of pollutants such as urban and industrial effluents into the environment, which contain substances such as heavy metal ions (chromium, nickel, iron, copper, tin, lead, etc.), ammonium, organic substances and phenol, causing the destruction of water and soil quality and endangering The health of organisms and dangerous diseases such as cancer, digestive and kidney diseases, etc. will be in humans. Among the wastewater treatment materials, natural and especially synthetic zeolites can be mentioned, which, as a selective catalyst and absorbent material, despite the large amount of elements such as sodium as an ion exchanger in the zeolite structure, can absorb and purify heavy metal ions, organic compounds, and phenols in the wastewater. It seems that it is a much more economical method and less restrictive than other methods. In this research, 5 zeolite samples were synthesized in 3 different methods, NaY zeolite was synthesized by sol-gel method using sodium hydroxide, sodium aluminate and sodium silicate, and three NaA zeolite samples were synthesized at different aging times by sol-gel method using From the mentioned materials together with synthesized calcium carbonate and LTA zeolite by hydrothermal method using clinoptilolite zeolite as a source of silica along with sodium hydroxide and sodium Aluminates were synthesized. The XRD results showed that all five samples of the desired phase are formed in the desired amount and have good crystallinity and purity. After synthesis, the XRF result of the LTA sample decreased due to the use of clinoptilolite, the amount of scattering and the ratio of silica to aluminum. FTIR results confirmed the chemical bonds and its position in the samples. The results of FESEM for all 5 samples showed that the average particle size was between 2-6 micrometers, the amount of grain space was 83-88%, and the amount of voids was 12-17%, and the results of EDS and MAP showed that the elements It is placed with high sodium percentage along with regular dispersion on the surface of the structure. Finally, for the sample of synthesized zeolites, BET analysis showed that NaY, NaA, and LTA zeolites have mesopores with isotherm type II, which have a specific surface area of 10.48, 5.67, and 2.914, respectively, and the average diameter of the pores, respectively. It is 2.824, 2.69 and 2.87. Finally, for the sample of synthesized zeolites, BET analysis showed that NaY, NaA, and LTA zeolites have mesopores with isotherm type II, which have a specific surface area of 10.48, 5.67, and 2.914, respectively, and the average diameter of the pores, respectively, it is 2.824, 2.69 and 2.87. Industrial wastewater (sum of once-treated wastewater), chromium, alkali, and phenol wastewater were prepared from Mobarakeh Steel Factory and after treatment, 0.5 g of zeolite in 50 ml of wastewater was stirred on a stirrer for 30 minutes, and ICP analysis -EOS, the concentration of atoms and molecules in wastewater after treatment is up to 90%, also in turbidity analysis, the removal of turbidity and suspended substances of all types of wastewater is mentioned up to more than 90% by Synthetic zeolites decreased. UV-VIS analysis of atomic spectroscopy showed the reduction of percentage of elements and materials after purification in a maximally successful manner. Golpayegan water was acid-washed by modified zeolite and the reduction of zeolite particle size with 60 and 18 mesh sieves had the greatest decrease in hardness compared to the rest of the samples.
