ساخت و مشخصه يابي حسگر زيست‌تقليد ميكروسيال بر پايه نانوژنراتور تريبوالكتريك جهت پايش غيرتهاجمي بيماري التهاب روده از طريق عرق

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a global an‎d increasing condition worldwide. As a progressive an‎d debilitating disease, continuous monitoring of specific biomarkers in IBD can assist in managing the disease process an‎d ensuring effective treatment strategies. Therefore, the use of biosensors as examples of new analytical tools, with advantages such as high speed an‎d sensitivity, non-invasive sampling, an‎d the possibility of continuous measurement of analytes, is proposed. Among bodily fluids, sweat is a usable fluid in biosensors, containing abundant biochemical information that reflects the organismʹs status at the molecular level. Lactoferrin (LF), reported as one of the biomarkers in sweat, plays a role in a wide range of issues, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), autoimmune diseases, an‎d various types of cancers. In this study, a new biomimetic sensor for the non-invasive detection of LF in sweat was presented. This sensor consists of gold nanostars (AuNSs) with an average particle size of 93 ± 12 nanometers, synthesized using a one-step, cost-effective method. The sharp tips of AuNSs with an average size of 20 ± 4 nanometers enhance the electroactive surface an‎d electron transfer in this electrochemical biosensor. This sensor, composed of AuNSs an‎d a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP), was validated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), an‎d cyclic voltammetry (CV). Additionally, a microfluidic patch was designed an‎d examined through simulation results to collect sweat from three different areas of the volunteersʹ bodies. This patch provided suitable mechanical properties with an average collection time of about 15 minutes an‎d a sweat volume between 20 to 100 µL. Furthermore, this biomimetic sensor demonstrated reliable performance in a complex environmental setting, providing a measurable electrochemical response to LF in a concentration range of 2 to 2000 ng/mL. Sensitivities in PBS an‎d sweat were obtained as 2.54 an‎d 2.30 µA.mL/ng, respectively. The biosensor achieved a detection limit of 1.74 ng/mL in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) an‎d 1.92 ng/mL in sweat samples. Additionally, this biosensor showed good reproducibility with relative stan‎dard deviation (RSD) values of less than 5% at different concentrations. Overall, this research represents a step towards the development of affordable wearable biomimetic technologies for the non-invasive detection of the inflammatory marker LF. With the potential for non-invasive monitoring, this approach could provide valuable insights into disease recurrence an‎d progression, with potential applications across a wide range of inflammatory an‎d immune-related disorders.

فتح اله كريم زاده , عليرضا صنعتي

راضيه صلاح انديش

مهران نحوي , شيدا لباف , مجيد مقدم