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چكيده انگليسي :

Target Tracking Using Forced Handoff in Wireless Sensor Networks Nadia Hajikhiadani n khiadani@ec iut ac ir 10 June 2009 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 83111 Iran Degree M Sc Language FarsiSupervisors Faramarz Hendessi hendessi@cc iut ac ir Pejman Khadivi pkhadivi@ec iut ac irAbstractSensor networks have become attractive in research and applications Sensor networks provideunprecedented opportunities for monitoring and controlling homes cities and the environment In addition these networks have potential applications in military medical science environment etc One of the mostimportant applications of these networks is in target tracking A target moves in an arbitrary but continuouspath Target s location is sampled at specific times Target s path is determined based on these samples Many algorithms are suggested for target tracking in sensor networks Since limited energy resources arethe most important problems in wireless sensor networks the goal of different algorithms is increasingaccuracy and decreasing energy consumption In many of these algorithms data transmission is performedthrough a leader This leader is a node which is chosen based on a certain policy At a given time only oneleader is present in the network hence the transmission of same data for one target is avoided Therefore energy consumption is reduced In the existing algorithms in some cases the nearest sensor to target s pathis chosen as the leader Nonetheless it is possible that the leader doesn t have enough energy and handoffshould be done Increasing the number of communications leads to increasing the energy consumption in thenetwork On the other hand it is possible that no appropriate node is found Therefore the network missesthe target s path and tracking accuracy is reduced In this thesis we have tried to provide accurate target tracking and prevent waste of network resources Forreducing energy consumption minimum numbers of nodes are activated and communicate with each other At a given time only one sensor is active as the leader A two phase technique is used to determine theleader The initial phase establishes the leader when a target first arrives in the network The second phase is employed when one leader is present in the network The leader estimates target s path and predicts it inthe next time before the target is going out of the leader s sensing range Then a sensor which can sense thetarget in the next period time and have the most energy level is chosen as the next leader We call thisprocedure forced handoff Forced handoff is continued until the target leaves the network By thisalgorithm the tracking has suitable accuracy and limited number of communications Therefore energyconsumption is reduced compared with existing algorithms Key WordsWireless sensor networks Target tracking Forced handoff Location prediction Energy

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رديابي هدف با استفاده از دست به دست دهي اجباري در شبكه هاي حسگر بي سيم

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