منطق تكليف و كاربرد آن در دستگاه هاي هنجاري

چكيده انگليسي :

Deontic Logic and it s application in Normative Systems Aboutorab Pourhaghani a pourhaghani@math iut ac ir April 15 2010 Master of Science Thesis in Farsi Department of Mathematical Sciences Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 83111 Iran Supervisor Dr Mojtaba Aghaei aghaei@cc iut ac ir 2010 MSC 03B45 Key words Deontic Logic Input output Logic Normative Systems Obligation Permission Norm Abstract In this thesis we present an extension on deontic logic named input output logic De ontic Logic is a branch of modal logic that considers the statements about obligation ermission and prohibition and introduced by von Wright in 1951 But many paradoxis are generated for deontic logic for this reason several extentions introduced for solving the paradoxis One of the newer extension is input output logics that introduced by David Makinson and Leendert van der Torre in 2000 The contraints for input output logic pub lished in 2001 When we use this constraints in out deduction about obligations will be sure that paradoxis won t appear The notion of permissions based on input output logic introduced in 2003 and therefore all notions in deontic logic enterd in input output logic By this logic we present conditional obligation by order pair a x a is the conditions is happend and x is the obligation in this conditions For example let a is It is rain ing and x is Window is closed Therefore a x means When it is raining window must be closed This conditional obligation is present by a OBx in deontic logic In input output logic somes rule introduced for deduction about conditional obligations for example a x b x AN D This means if x is an obligation in a and y is an obligation in a a x y both x and y are obligations when a is happend By input output logic we can de ne three permissions that relative to de nitions of deriviation systems in input output logic These de nitions are compatible with obligations these permissions are negative permission static positive permission and dynamic positive permission Negative permission means if a x be not an obligation then a x is permissive Static positive permission means if a x is included in permission set then we are permitted for x when a is happend Dynamic positive permission means if a x be not consistent with static positive permission then a x is a permission Negative and static positive permissions are used for people to know their rights and dynamic positive permission are used for lead of legislators Input output logic is suitable for considering normative systems The notion of normative system in deontic logic was introdused by anderson in 1956 Input output logic is a suitable base for considering normative systems in computer science By input output logic we can construct models for normative systems One of these best models introduced by van der Torre and Boella in 2008 This model covers contitutive and regulative norms and count as relations These norms are presented by order pairs a x but these are di erent in situations in normative systems So we should assign a proper position in our model for them Count as relations are an important notion in normative systems that s introduced in this model count as relation means the fact x count as the fact y By this relation the model become more complete 1

پورحقاني، ابوتراب

منطق تكليف و كاربرد آن در دستگاه هاي هنجاري

منطق ورودي , خروجي , وظيفه , مجوز