بررسي تنوع ژنتيكي در توده هاي ايراني بو مادران ﴿Achillea millefolium﴾، با استفاده از نشانگر مولكولي ISSR

چكيده انگليسي :

Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Iranian Yarrow Populations Achillea millefolium using ISSR Markers Shima Gharibi Shima gh 86@yahoo com Department of Plant Breeding Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 83111 IranDegree M Sc Language FarsiAbstract Yarrow Achillea L is one of the youngest evolutionary genera of Asteraceae family which is scattered all around the world More than 100 species have been recognized in this genus To date different medicinal applications of yarrow have made it known as an important medicinal plant Nineteen species of Achillea have been recognized in Iran distributed in different geographical and ecological regions of the country Among these species A millefolium is widely distributed in North Hemisphere including Iran and has extensive application in pharmaceuticals Populations of A millefolium species in Iran are dispersed in North N West W North West NW and West Central CW based on Flora Iranica reports Two major subspecies A millefolium subsp millefolium and A millefolium subsp elbursensis are recognized in the country with the latter being endemic to Alborz Mountain in Northern regions of Iran Information on the levels of genetic variation within and among natural populations provide fundamental insights on the evolutionary processes and for the establishment of effective and efficient conservation strategy for small and endangered populations In recent years the use of molecular markers has become an important tool to study genetic diversity of various medicinal plants and endangered species The use of molecular markers with morphological data can improve the classification and evolutionary studies in many plant species Inter simple sequence repeat ISSR markers are widely used in genetic diversity studies because they need no prior DNA sequence information development costs are low and laboratory procedures can easily be transferred to any plant species In this study forty accessions from eight populations of A millefolium were collected from different geographical regions of Iran based on Flora Iranic Sampling strategy was designed to cover the most distribution range of the species as widely as possible In addition 13 accessions from different countries in N hemisphere were included ISSR and morphological markers were used for the detection of genetic polymorphism in this medicinal herb collected from various geographical regions of Iran and North Hemisphere Fourteen primers were used to amplify 228 bands out of which 199 87 28 were polymorphic Simple Matching SM similarity indices were subjected to UPGMA cluster analysis The dendrogram revealed three major groups Group 1 included the Iranian genotypes SW Asia while group 2 was composed of European and American genotypes The third group contained an accession from Japan E Asia Iranian accessions in group one further divided into three major sub groups according to their geographical distribution In this group generally more genetic variation was observed in Northern and West central populations than the ones from Western and North Western regions The morphological and molecular results showed that the E Asian genotype had more genetic distance from European yarrows than North American accessions and among European genotypes the Spanish accession was more similar to the American one Cluster and PCoA analyses showed that most genotypes were grouped based on the latitude and geographical divergence The analysis of molecular variance AMOVA among Iranian populations based on specified geographic regions of the country showed that majority of the genetic variance was found among geographical groups within populations Key words Achillea millefoilum ISSR Genetic Relationship Geographical Divergence Conservation morphology

غريبي، شيما

بررسي تنوع ژنتيكي در توده هاي ايراني بو مادران ﴿Achillea millefolium﴾، با استفاده از نشانگر مولكولي ISSR

جداشدن جغرافيايي , حفظ شدگي ژنتيكي , ريخت شناسي