ارزيابي تحمل به تنش شوري ژنوتيپ هاي گلرنگ در شرايط مزرعه

چكيده انگليسي :

Evaluation of Salt Tolerance in Safflower Genotypes under Saline Field Conditions Hadi Yeilaghi h yeilaqi@ag iut ac ir Date of Submission 9 March 2011 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 83111 Iran Degree M Sc Language Farsi Supervisor Ahmad Arzani a arzani@cc iut ac ir Abstract Salinity is one of the most important environmental factors that influences both yield and quality of crop plants in arid and semi arid regions of the world Safflower is considered to be a moderately salt tolerant crop and has been grown in some parts of central Iran for many years in conditions where salinity restricts cultivation of many other crops To evaluate salt tolerance of safflower genotypes 64 genotypes were grown in Water and Soil Research Farm of Isfahan Agricultural Research Center located in Rudasht possessing saline water and soil using simple lattice design 8 8 with four replications in 2009 Agronomic physiological traits and seed quality related traits including plant height number of branches per plant number of heads per plant seeds per head 1000 grain weight grain yield per plant seed yield per ha 1 biological yield chlorophyll a and b oil content oil yield and protein content were assessed Result of analysis of variance showed that genotypes varied significantly for all the studied traits Heritability of traits estimated and the highest general heritability in stress conditions was belonged to 1000 seed weight and the lowest was allocated to content of chlorophyll b Results obtained for phenotypic correlation coefficients revaled a very high positive correlation between grain yield per plant with number of heads per plant and number of branches per plant Relationship between grain yield per plant and seed number per head was negative and significant Stepwise regression analysis for grain yield per hectare indicated that the number of seeds per head in non stress conditions could explain 22 percent and in stress conditions 53 percent of it s variation and when accompinated with number of heads per plant 68 and 73 percent of changes in oil yield per hectare were jestified Based on the path coefficient analysis for grain yield per hectare for safflower genotypes grown under non stress conditions indicated the high and positive r 0 94 direct effect of number of grain on the yield and its indirect effect through number of heads per plant and 1000 seeds weight was negative 0 46 0 24 respectively But its indirect effect on the biological yield was positive 0 21 Under saline conditions number of grains per head possessed the highest positive effect 0 79 on the yield per hectare and this followed by number of heads per plant as having positive effect on yield Indirect effect of seed number per head on yield through the number of heads per plant was negative 0 42 Cluster analysis based on agronomic and morphological traits under non stress conditions according to Hotelling T2 and Bill F test in Euclidean distance of about 4 27 divided the genotypes into five groups Group one to five comprised 1 8 8 21 and 26 genotypes respectively Under saline field conditions clustering with similar method at Euclideen distance of 7 67 divided the genotypes into five groups Group one to five comprised 3 3 25 7 and 26 genotypes respectively Genotypes LRV 51 51 IL and Kurdestan5 possessed the highest seed yield 1030 973 and 947 kg ha 1 respectively under saline field conditions and there safflower genotypes hence can be recommended as salt tolerant to be grown under salinity stress Moreover genotypes LRV 51 51 Kermansha60 and Kurdestan4 had the highest oil yield per hectare and could be suggested as salt tolerant safflower genotypes in view point of economical yield Key words Safflower Salinity Yield Oil yield

ئيلاقي، هادي

ارزيابي تحمل به تنش شوري ژنوتيپ هاي گلرنگ در شرايط مزرعه

عملكرد دانه , عملكرد روغن