طراحي، ساخت و ارزيابي دستگاه درجه بندي كننده سيب درختي با استفاده از ماشين هاي بينايي

چكيده انگليسي :

Design Fabrication and Evaluation a Grading Machine for Apple using Machine Vision Mohammad Kalhor mkalhor1363@gmail com 2011 3 8 Department of Agricultural Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 83111 Iran Degree M Sc Language FarsiSupervisor Dr A Masoumi Email masoumi@cc iut ac irAbstractIran apple product has been more than 2660000 tons in 2008 This product is one of themain products of agricultural and horticultural forms in the country and Iran had been placedfourth among apple producer countries in the world ranking According to FAO in 2008 applecultivated area in the country has been approximately 202 000 hectares and apple exportshas been 317 890 tons and Iran had been located in rank sixth among other apple exportercountries Because production and harvesting apples in the country has not beenmechanized a significant amount of products have been wasted before export The mainpart of these wastes has been due to lack of proper classification and grading For thisreason in this project a machine was designed and built to grade apples automatically baseon their size using machine vision For grading at first it is necessary to single apples out and then separated apples be placed under a special camera Therefore a device in order toorient and single out apples was designed and built Single out mechanism was designedand built using the mechanism of a juicer single out unit The mechanism was very similar toa potato planter unit To orientation of apples a ramp was used Two wooden rails with aspecific form are located on the ramp so that an apple is rolled on them and it is oriented inthe end of the ramp Ideal orientation state is when apples are placed on one side againstcamera during imaging process After the orientation apples were placed below the cameraand the picture is taken by the camera Photos taken by camera are transferred to computerimage processing software and the size and grade of apples are determined Imageprocessing software was written using existing functions in the image processing part ofMATLAB software An electronic circuit was designed and built in order to control the deviceand start the electrical engines and wind sprays in suitable occasions Depending on thedegree of apple the electronic circuit will command the motor belt to transfer the apple to theappropriate place and the graded apple will be placed against the wind spray valve Then thewind spray valve is opened and the apple is sent to the marked box Simultaneously anotherapple is placed below the camera for imaging Constructed system was evaluated Almost80 of apples were properly oriented in the orientation unit The lowest orientationperformance was seen in apples with grade 4 that this was probably due to their smallerdiameter of which prevent proper rolling of them on the rails Time required to grade applesregardless of the time taken to image processing was about 25 seconds for apples withgrade 3 The overall system performance was appropriate and the system can be used tograde apples automatically If all image processing operations to be performed by the TMS image processing speed will be much higher But for that the entire image processingprogram should be rewritten again Also if the control part of system to be done by a PLC the speed of machine performance will be improved highly Keywords Image processing Single out Orientation Automatic control

كلهر، محمد

طراحي، ساخت و ارزيابي دستگاه درجه بندي كننده سيب درختي با استفاده از ماشين هاي بينايي

پردازش تصوير , تك كننده , جهت دهي , كنترل خودكار