جداسازي گلوتن و توليد اتانول از گندم توسط قارچ هاي فيلامنتوس

چكيده انگليسي :

Separation of Gluten and Ethanol Production from Wheat by Filamentous Fungi Masoomeh Heidary Vinche m heidaryvinche@ce iut ac ir Date of Submission 2011 9 5 Department of Chemical Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 83111 Iran Degree M Sc Language FarsiSupervisor Keikhosro Karimi karimi@cc iut ac irAbstractAmongst all liquid biofuels bioethanol is widely recognized these days as a promising renewable andenvironmentally friendly source of energy It is an alternative fuel with the recognition that the global crudeoil reserve is finite and its depletion is occurring much faster than previously predicted Ethanol fromrenewable resources is an alternative fuel or fuel additive to the current fossil fuels Bioethanol can beproduced by fermentation from a variety of raw materials including sugars starch and lignocellulosicmaterials However feedstock cost and overall yield are the most important factors that affect the economicoutcome in bioethanol production process The sugary substrates are easily fermentable however they arecomparatively expensive On the other hand cellulosic materials are cheap and available in large amounts However ethanol production from lignoceluloses is very complicated and expensive The starchy substratesare promising due to their economic viability and availability Nowadays most of ethanol is produced fromstarchy materials such as wheat and corn Fermentation is the most important step in ethanol production byfermentation in which the microorganism plays an important role Zygomycetes are saprophyticfilamentous fungi which are able to efficiently produce several metabolites including ethanol and glycerol Furthermore the biomass of these fungi contains appreciated level of chitosan Chitosan is a biodegradablepolymer with numerous applications especially in the agriculture food and pharmaceutical industries aswell as superabsorbent production The fungi do not show the drawbacks of common ethanol producingmicroorganisms Among the fungi Mucor hiemalis and Rhizopus oryzae are relatively unexploredfilamentous fungi with some advantages compared to others The objective of this work was production ofbioethanol from waste wheat flour by fungus M hiemalis and R oryzae First the wheat flour 20 w v wassubjected to liquefaction by a commercial amylase Then the liquefied syrup was saccharified byglucoamylase in order to produce fermentable sugar The fermentation experiments were performed atvarious glucose concentrations i e 10 30 50 70 90 and 100 wheat flour hydrolyzate as well as purestarch hydrolysate as a reference The media were supplemented with necessary nutrients and inoculatedwith two different concentrations of the fungi 1 and 10 g L Maximum ethanol yield were obtained as 0 38g g and 0 39 g g with initial fungal biomass of 1 g L and 10 g L R oryzae respectively in fermentation of30 wheat flour hydrolysate Moreover maximum ethanol yield were obtained as 0 40 g g and 0 43 g g at thesame conditions respectively for M indicus The biomasses of the fungi were also analyzed regarding theprotein alkali insoluble materials and chitosan The results showed that concentration of glucose had nosignificant effects on the amount of protein in the biomass of the fungi The highest yield of N acetylglucosamine and glucosamine observed for R oryzae Overall yield of and g ethanol per kg ofinitial wheat flour was obtained with initial fungal biomass of g L and g L R oryzae and and with initial fungal biomass of g L and g L Mucor hiemalis respectively Keywords ethanol wheat flour Mucor hiemalis Rhizopus oryzae chitosan chitin protein

حيدري، معصومه

جداسازي گلوتن و توليد اتانول از گندم توسط قارچ هاي فيلامنتوس

آرد گندم , موكورهميليس , رايزوپوس اورايزه , كيتوزان , كيتن