تاثير سلنيم بر جذب عناصر و پاسخ آنتي اكسيداتيو گندم و كاهو در شرايط شور

چكيده انگليسي :

Selenium Effect on Elements Uptake and Antioxidative Response of Wheat and lettuce in Saline Condition Mehri Sadeghi sadeghi m85@yahoo com April 2011 Department of Soil Science Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 83111 IranDegree M Sc Language FarsiDr A H Khoshgoftarmanesh Email amirhkhosh@cc iut ac irAbstractSelenium Se is a beneficial element for plant although at high concentrations it is toxic and causes in plantgrowth retardation The most important biological role of Se is in association with activity of GPX enzyme Thisenzyme protects plant cells against environmental stresses such as salinity Salinity is one of the most importantenvironmental stresses in most soils of Iran Therefore it is necessary to investigate interaction of salinity andSe on growth yield and antioxidant capacity of plants under saline conditions This study was carried out toinvestigate interaction of salinity and Se on growth yield activity of GPX as an index of plant antioxidantcapacity in roots and some concentrations of selected micronutrients Wheat is a strategic crop and the mostimportant cereal in the world Lettuce is also one of the most consumable vegetables by the people particularlyin our country This study was performed in two individual trials Each experiment was set up in a completelyrandomized factorial design in triplicates at Soilless Culture Research Center Treatments were four levels ofselenium 0 20 40 and 150 M in the form of Na2SeO4 two salinity levels 0 and 100 mM NaCl Two wheatgenotypes Triticum aestium cvs Kavir and Back Cross Rushan were used in the first trial and two lettucecultivars Lactuca sativa L Black Saladine and White Tourist were used in the second trial The effect ofselenium on the growth and yield of wheat varied based on the crop genotype Salinity significantly decreasedroot and shoot dry matter yield of both wheat genotypes studied The highest root activity of GPX in wheat wasfound at the 40 M Se level Iron concentration in the roots of wheat was increased with increasing Seconcentration in the nutrient solution while shoot Fe concentration was unaffected by Se addition Concentrationof Cu in roots and shoot of wheat was decreased with increasing Se concentration from 20 to 150 M Seleniumaddition had no significant effect on shoot Zn concentration in wheat Except for concentration of Fe in theroots concentrations of other nutrients measured in the roots and shoot were decreased significantly by salinity The highest Fe uptake by roots of wheat was achieved at the 150 M Se level while shoot Fe content wasdecreased by increasing Se in the nutrient solution In both wheat genotypes translocation of the studiedelements from roots to shoot was higher at non saline conditions compared with saline conditions Two lettucecultivars varied in their response to Se application Salinity and Se addition reduced root dry matter yield oflettuce Shoot dry matter yield of lettuce at the 40 M was higher than that in the other Se levels BlackSaladine produced the lowest shoot dry matter yield at the 150 M Se level In this genotype the highest rootactivity of GPX was found at the 150 M Se level For White Tourist cultivar the highest and lowest rootGPX activity was found at the 40 and 0 M treatments respectively White Tourist cultivar had the highestroot activity of GPX at the 40 M Se level under non saline conditions Salinity decreased shoot Fe Cu Mn andZn and root Cu and Zn concentration in lettuce Contents of measured elements in the roots and shoots in White Tourist cultivar were greater than that in Black Saladine Shoot Fe Zn and Mn and root Mn contentin lettuce was not affected by addition of selenium Beneficial nutrients vegetables cereals oxidative stress GPX Key words

صادقي، مهري

تاثير سلنيم بر جذب عناصر و پاسخ آنتي اكسيداتيو گندم و كاهو در شرايط شور

عناصر غذايي , غلات , سبزي ها , تنش اكسيداتيو , آنزيم گلوتاتيون پر اكسيداز