بهره گيري از ابزارهاي اقتصادي به منظور بهبود كارايي استفاده از آب، حوضه آبريز زاينده رود

چكيده انگليسي :

Utilizing Economic Tools for Improving Water Efficiency Case Study Zayanderoud Basin Sayed Ali Ohab Yazdi Saoy 6060@yahoo com February 27 2012 Department of Civil Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 83111 Iran Degree M Sc Language FarsiSupervisor A Ahmadi aahmadi@cc iut ac ir AbstractIncreasing the water demands the costs of water supply and decreasing the water resources persuade thegovernments to find the ways for improving the water use efficiency and making equilibrium betweendemand and supply water The Water demand in agricultural sector is about 90 of total water demand inIran The Water demands management is a direct way to improve the water efficiency and water value Itis essential for the water resources management to establish regulations which leads the consumer forimproving the water efficiency and decreasing the water demands One of the instruments for waterdemand management is the economic instruments EIs The economic instruments consist of the fines the taxes the subvention the pricing or the development of the water markets Water pricing is used tocontrol the water demand and restore the investment cost If the price of water to be properly informed this can be used to help minimize wastage ensure efficient allocation and provide incentives for thedevelopment of water efficient technologies In this research the first approach is considered to developan optimization model for finding the crop pattern configuration and the water allocation and to estimatethe economic value of water for agricultural sector The objective function of optimization model ismaximizing the net benefit of crops selling and the crops fixed costs In order to estimate the economicvalue of water the combination of the mathematical programming and the production functions is used Because of the non linear and complex objective function of the model and the large number of thedecision variables the genetic algorithm was used to solve the optimization model The comparison of theresults shows that the optimal model and the current crop pattern leads to yield the 2 1 times net benefitrather than the current condition Also for estimating the economic value of water in industrial sector another optimization model was developed based on the production functions The results of the industrialmodel are shown that the economic value of water for the industrial is 140 times more than theagricultural sector Then two scenarios were developed In the first scenario it is assumed that the wateris allocated to the different sectors agricultural industrial and domestic similar to the current schemeswith the current irrigation efficiency for the agricultural sector Also in the second scenario it is assumedthat for increasing the water efficiency the efficient irrigation technologies are subsidized to theagricultural sector For restoring the subsidy the price of water gradually increases in 10 year period Theresult showed that the net benefit at the second scenario is about 24939 Milliard Rials and it is 1 8 timesmore than the first scenario Although in the second scenario the price of water increased but because ofthe improving the crop of yield the income is promoted which leads to increasing the price of water Theoptimization model allocates the range of 80 to 100 percents of water demands of agricultural sector insecond scenario Finally two indices are defined including the reliability and dependence to thegroundwater By calculating the indices the second scenario is selected as the best scenario Key words Economic instruments Water efficiency Genetic algorithm Economic value of water Optimization

اوهب، علي

بهره گيري از ابزارهاي اقتصادي به منظور بهبود كارايي استفاده از آب، حوضه آبريز زاينده رود

الگوريتم ژنتيك , ارزش اقتصادي آب , بهينه سازي