سنتز و شناسايي نانو ذرات فلزي بر روي كيتوسان و مشتقات آن و بررسي رفتار كاتاليزوري و الكترو كاتاليزوري آنها در اكسايش سيكلوهگزن و تعيين گونه هاي حياتي، سنتز و شناسايي هيبريدهاي مايع يوني- هتروپلي اسيد به عنوان كاتاليزور در واكنش اكسايش سيكلوهگزن

چكيده انگليسي :

162Abstract This project is divided to two main parts In the first part the oxidation of cyclohexene wasinvestigated by synthesized catalysts such as ionic liquid heteropoly acid hybrids and gold nano particlesimmobilized on modified chitosan In the second part of this thesis is noted to synthesize of nanoparticlessuch as gold nanoparticles and copper nanoparticles and their role in determination of hydrogen peroxide andglucose In the first part the oxidation of cylclohexene was studied In order to achieve to this goal ionicliquid heteropoly acid hybrides were synthesized By exchanging hydrogen hydrogens of heteropoly acidwith cationic segments of ionic liquids the new hybrids were formed Ionic liquids were applied for thissynthesis were based on methyl imidazolium and heteropoly acids were based on phosphotangestic andphosphomolibdic acid These samples were investigated with TG XRD XPS BET and TEM techniques Inthe next step the catalytic activity of synthesized samples was tested in cyclohexene oxidation reaction byhydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen as the oxidants The best conversion and selectivity toward adipicacid by hedrogen peroxide as an oxidant was achieved when 1 butyl 3 methyl imidazolium dihydrogenphosphotangestate was used as the catalyst Also by the same catalyst and molecular oxygen as an oxidant 2 cyclohexe 1 one was obtained with maximum conversion and high selectivity under the optimizedcondition In continuous of this part the oxidation of cyclohexene was followed by gold nanoparticles as acatalyst Thiolated chitosan was synthesized and used for fabrication and immobilization of goldnanoparticles The samples were investigated with BET XPS TEM FT IR and UV Vis techniques The bestconversion and selectivity toward 2 cyclohexe 1 one was achieved under the solvent Free condition andmolecular oxygen as an oxidant In the second part according to importance of sensors in determination of vital specious in humanbody we decide to synthesize the nanoparticles and investigate their electrocatalysis behavior indetermination of glucose and hydrogen peroxide New hybrids of chitosan derivative graphite and chitosan carbon nanotube were synthesized as the supports for gold and copper nanoparticles New chitosanderivatives were synthesized in two steps and characterized by CHNS XPS and BET techniques XPS TEMand BET techniques were employed for characterization of nano composites In final step electro catalysisbehavior of these nanocomposites was investigated by cyclic voltammety in order to determine glucose andhydrogen peroxide Also the proposed method was selective simple and precise way for amperometricdetermination of real samples Keywords ionic liquid heteropoly acid hibrides phosphotangestic acid nanoparticles thiolated chitosan sensor derivate chitosan graphite hybride glucose electro oxidation cyclic voltammogram 1 Introduction Recently the fast increase and understanding of nano science and nanotechnologylet us to precisely control the variables affecting catalytic activity and selectivity in thenano porous catalyst Nanoparticles are of great scientific interest as they are effectively abridge between bulk materials and atomic or molecular structures and exhibit a number ofspecial properties relative to bulk material such as very high surface area to volume ratio This property provides a tremendous driving force for diffusion especially at elevatedtemperatures Shiju and Guliants 2009 Over the last decade much attention also hasbeen paid to the development of liquid phase oxidation processes employing nanoparticlecatalysts The key concern in the oxidation process is the product selectivity Selectiveoxidation processes represent a large class of organic reactions where the development ofclean and efficient green catalysts is a major concern in the field of chemical reactions Inthe first part of this project we report the synthesis and characterization of ionic liquidhybrids and its catalytic activity evaluation in t

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فسفوتنگستيك اسيد , كيتوسان تيول دار , حسگرها , ولتاموگرام هاي چرخه اي