بررسي توليد بيوگاز و بيوهيدروژن از زائدات گياه آفتابگردان

چكيده انگليسي :

Investigation of Biogas and Biohydrogen Production from Sunflower Plant Wastes Seyed Mehdi Hesami Mehdi Hesami@ce iut ac ir Date of submission June 21 2014 Department of Chemical Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156 83111 IranDegree M Sc Language PersianSupervisor Hamid Zilouei hzilouei@cc iut ac irAbstractIn this study stalk and leaf of sunflower plant were used to produce biogas and biohydrogen due to highamounts of carbohydrates in them To improve the yield of biogas and biohydrogen production from stalk the pretreatment was performed with 50 in term of volume isopropanol water solution organosolvpretreatment at different temperatures 100 120 140 160 and 180 C for 30 and 60 minutes To investigatethe effect of adding isopropanol hydrothermal pretreatment was also performed under the same conditions The highest methane production of 264 mL per gram VS was achieved by organosolv pretreatment at 180 Cfor 60 min which led to 113 increase in methane production compared to the untreated sample By adding1 of sulfuric acid to the pretreatment solution the pretreatments were repeated at temperatures of 140 160and 180 C The highest methane production of 278 mL per gram VS was obtained by organosolvpretreatment at 160 C for 30 min which led to 121 increase in methane production compared to theuntreated sample The sunflower plant leaf was pretreated by 50 in term of volume isopropanol watersolution at different temperatures 100 140 and 180 C for 30 and 60 min and the results indicated negativeeffects on the process To increase biohydrogen production the effect of heat pretreatment acid pretreatmentand combination of these pretreatments on microbial mixtures were studied Heat shock treatment wascarried out at 85 and 100 C for 15 and 45 min Acid pretreatment was performed by using hydrochloric acidsolution at pH 2 for 24 hours For the combined treatment the acid pretreatment and heat shock pretreatmentwas performed respectively The highest hydrogen production of 17 8 mL per gram VS was achieved by heatshock treatment at 85 C for 45 min from organosolv pretreated stalk at 180 C for 60 min The hydrogenproduction of 4 1 mL per gram VS was obtained from untreated stalk Solid liquid and solid liquid mixtureof organosolv pretreated leaf and stalk were used to produce hydrogen The highest hydrogen of 19 9 mL pergram volatile solids from the solid samples of pretreated stalk was produced at 160 C for 30 min in thepresence of catalyst The maximum hydrogen of 53 4 and 31 3 mL per gram VS from the liquid and solid liquid mixture samples of pretreated stalk was produced at 160 C for 30 min in the presence of catalyst respectively Less amount of hydrogen was produced solid samples of pretreated leaf The maximumhydrogen of 4 9 mL per gram VS from untreated samples was obtained after 168 hours The maximumhydrogen of 42 1 and 18 5 mL per gram VS from the liquid and solid liquid mixture samples of organosolvpretreated leaf was obtained at 180 C for 60 min respectively The total amount of produced hydrogen fromsolid liquid mixture of treated stalk at 160 C for 60 min and treated leaf at 180 C for 60 min was 28 2 and14 2 mL per gram initial VS respectively Acetic acid was the most volatile fatty acid produced in thehydrogen production process while propionic acid was the least The results of the hydrogen production inthis study showed satisfactory agreement with modified Gompertz equation The results of FTIR analysis andSEM images respectively showed that more reduction in the cellulose crystallinity index and moredegradation of sunflower stalk were achieved by organosolv pretreatment compared to hydrothermalpretreatment Key words Sunflower plant Organosolv pretreatment Biogas Biohydrogen

حسامي، مهدي

بررسي توليد بيوگاز و بيوهيدروژن از زائدات گياه آفتابگردان

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